英语高考语法单选_高考英语语法选择题解析

1.高中英语短文语法填空

2.高考英语语法：can　to　do　sth与could　to　do　sth例题解析

3.高考英语语法有哪些

4.英语高考中单选考察的是什么内容？

5.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-高三英语知识点综合训练3

Let's go fishing if it _ this weekend

But nobody knows if it __.

A.is fine ;will rain B.will be fine ;rains

C.will be fine ;will rain D.is fine ;rains

答：A

译：如果这个周末天好的话，我们去钓鱼吧。

可是没人知道周末会不会下雨。

析：本题设计“巧妙”，if从句有两类：1. 条件状语从句，译作“如果”，用现在时表将来，前一句。

2. =whether, 引导名词性从句，由一般疑问句变来，译作“是不是”。该用将来时态就用将来时态。后一句。

评题：人工考题句，语境很随意。不是高考、中考题，属于老师随手出的练习题。看似巧妙，实则不是什么好题句。不符合生活。

第一个人说的话很正常：这个周末如果天好的话，我们去钓鱼，好不好？这是一个建议。没有说一定要去。天好就去，天不好就不去。

回答者说话很没有道理。“但”什么“是”啊？，“可”什么“是”啊？如果第一个人没有说出if从句，你这个But还有点道理。

再说，怎么是没人知道呢？气象局的人就知道。说这话的，不太可能是周一，因为周末刚过，很有可能是周三说的。三天之内，哦，现在的气象，一周之内还是很准的！

所以后一句纯为出题而编造出来的，而且故意用if的！

高中英语短文语法填空

单项填空答题技巧、解题方法

近几年的高考年报分析，单项填空题正确率还不到一半，已成为高考拉开距离的题型。

许多考生把单项填空题理解为单纯的语法考察题，把选项和语境割离开来，被干扰选项迷惑。其实，单项选择题已经由传统的单纯考查语法知识逐渐向英语应用的方向发展，考查的知识点越来越多，不仅考查语言知识的记忆与简单再现，更重要的是考查在不同水平与层次上语言知识的运用。考生应该把单项选择题当成一个小的阅读理解题，一道题的每个单词甚至是标点符号都在提供信息，从理解语境出发到找到关键词，再加上语法、句法、固定搭配去找到正确答案。解题步骤是理解语境---划关键词---对比选项（从语法、句法、固定搭配出发）---解出答案。

解题时也有技巧，高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂化，改写为一个少见或陌生的结构。应试者可以反其道而行之，把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构，如将疑问句改为陈述句，将倒装句改为陈述句，将被动句改为主动句，将强调句型去掉，将难句简化或者是将省略句补全。

要想做好单项选择题，首先要掌握好《考试说明》的词汇和短语；其次分析清句子成分，看懂句子的意思，此外，语境先行，语法跟上。

单项填空题考查的重点是语言的基础知识。分析近年来的高考单项填空题，有如下几个特点：

1、考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高，尤其要引起重视的是动词、动词补语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。

2、语言基础知识的考查不能脱离一定的语境。近年来，高考题重视考查学生的语言实践能力，将单纯的语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境，这是近年来高考英语测试改革的一个方向，考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观，不能顾此失彼，只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。

3、题干设计的新颖性。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新，考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。在考试过程中，遇到新颖的题干不心慌，沉着、冷静地对考题加以分析。对于单项填空题，考生应该仔细分析，积极揣摩出题人的意图。也就是我们常说的做题时切忌盲目，要找准考点。这样，既增加了做题的准确性，又节约了时间。在高考前的后期复习中，考生们应对高频考点进行拉网式地认真清理，做到知识条理清楚，哪些点常考什么，要心中有数，不打无准备之仗。

4、近年来其内容愈来愈贴近生活，因此考生除了复习考纲所列的词汇和语法知识，还要注意归纳英汉两种文化的差异，熟悉所学的习惯用法，提高顺应语境的能力。

5、要看清楚题干再做题。碰到个别难题，别花太多时间。选择题分数只占10％，建议考生把时间控制在10分钟以内。

高中英语单项选择方法技巧:

通常的单选题呢,就是考察你对基础知识掌握得是否很好.其中包括单词,固定词组,句型,语法.所以看到单选题,不要一味地只是翻译它,你要看看,它考察的到底是哪个知识点.是固定词组? 是句型? 是时态? 是语态? 还是情景对话? 这就需要你不断地巩固你的基础知识,多读,多背... 连教育专家也说,朗读和背诵是学习英语的很好的方法.

高考英语考的是能力而不是基础，这一点毋庸置疑，在单选题中尤为明显。因为单选题考的不仅仅是语法，还有单词的用法等，这就意味著单选题多练是在浪费时间。我的建议是定期做一些题—但不能多。多翻翻英语字典对你狠有好处。还有一点，老师在课堂讲的语法知识和单词与词组的用法一定要用笔记认真的记下来。多翻翻笔记。。相信你在高考能考出理想的成绩。

高考英语语法：can　to　do　sth与could　to　do　sth例题解析

　在高考英语试题中,有一道大题叫做完形填空或短文填空,英语称为Cloze或Cloze Test。我精心收集了高中英语短文语法填空，供大家欣赏学习!

　A：Welcome to the Zhoukoudian caves here in China.It is 61._____ great pleasure to meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.You must be aware that it?s here 62._____ we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.We?ve been excavating here for many years and...

　S1：I?m sorry 63._____ (interrupt) you but how could they live here? There are only rocks and trees.

　A：Good questions.You are an acute 64._____(observe).We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects.So we think it is 65._____(reason) to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.

　S2：How did they keep warm? They couldn?t have mats，blankets or quilts like we do.It must have been very uncomfortable.

　A：We?ve discovered fireplaces in the center of the caves 66._____ they made fires.That would have kept them warm，cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick，which 67._____(suggest) that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.We haven?t found any doors but we think they might have 68._____(hang) animal skins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold 69._____ the freezing winter.

　S3：70._____ wild animals were there all that time ago?

　A：Well，we?ve been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves，and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.Now what do you think this tells us about the life of these early people?

　答案及剖析：

　61.a　考查冠词。句意：这次遇到来自英国的学生是件高兴的事，故用a。

　62.that　考查强调句。句意：你必须意识到就是在这里，我们发现早期人类的证据。由句意可知是强调句型，故应填that。

　63.to interrupt　考查固定搭配。be sorry to do...非常抱歉做?

　64.observer　考查名词。此处用observe的名词形式observer。

　65.reasonable　考查形容词。It is adj. to do sth.为常用结构。

　66.where　考查定语从句。fireplaces作先行词，定语从句缺少地点状语，故选where。

　67.suggests　考查动词的时态。表示客观事实，用一般现在时。

　68.hung　考查动词形式。根据might have可知应用过去分词形式。

　69.during/in　考查介词。during/in the freezing winter在寒冷的冬天。

　70.What　考查特殊疑问词。根据下文提到we?ve been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves，and we think these were their most dangerous enemies可知在问这些野生动物是什么?

　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　Betty：Hi，Victor.I heard you?ve got a part-time 61._____.

　Victor：No，I wish I had.I?m still 62._____ the waiting list.

　Betty：Seems like it?s 63._____ to get a good part-time job these days.

　Victor：You bet.The unemployment figures are up again this month.

　Betty：Don?t be 64._____ negative.Look at the jobs in the classifieds in today?s newspaper...so many openings.Just print out your resume and send 65._____ to them.

　Victor：I usually apply online.I send a short cover letter in the text of my e-mail and then attach my resume.What about you，Betty?

　Betty：Well，I haven?t even started 66._____ (plan) to look for a job yet.I didn?t get good grades last term 67._____　I bombed on two tests.

　Victor：Was it because you didn?t suck up (奉承) to your teachers?

　Betty：No，the teachers are very 68._____ (help).The main reason，I guess，was that I haven?t gotten accustomed to the way of learning here.In my country，we are used to 69._____ (learn)through memorization (死记硬背).Here，we 70._____ (teach) to think for ourselves.I?m working hard to adjust，and I?m catching up.

　语篇导读：这是一篇有关求职艰难的对话。贝蒂关切地询问维克多找工作的情况，维克多说没有找到，他对就业市场也不乐观，而贝蒂则还没有打算去就业的计划，她还想继续自己的学业。

　答案及剖析：

　61.job　考查名词。由全篇语境和下文的a good part-time job即可分析，此处该是名词job。

　62.on　考查介词。根据语境和句式结构分析，此处该填入介词on，构成on the waiting list搭配，即表示?在候补名单上?。

　63.hard/difficult　考查形容词。由上文的语境No，I wish I had.和下文的The unemployment figures are up again this month.即可分析，此句句意：看样子如今找一份兼职工作很艰难。故填入形容词hard或difficult。

　64.so/that　考查副词。结合上下文语境，贝蒂是在安慰维克多，句意：不要那么悲观。形容词negative被副词so修饰，也可由相当于so的that修饰。

　65.it　考查人称代词。根据语境分析，此处即填入指代your resume的人称代词it。

　66.planning/to plan　考查非谓语动词。根据语境和句式结构分析，此处该用非谓语动词作宾语，即构成start doing或start to do，意即?开始做某事?或?开始去做某事?。故填入planning或to plan。

　67.because　考查连词。根据I didn?t get good grades last term分析，造成此结果的原因是?我两门考试考砸了?，即I bombed on two tests.是原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。

　68.helpful　考查形容词。由回答语No即可分析，老师是不要奉承的，而且很给我提供帮助。结合空格前面的very即可分析，此处该是名词help的形容词helpful。

　69.learning　考查动名词。根据语境分析，此处该用be used to doing sth.，即表示?习惯于，符合语境。

　70.are taught　考查被动语态。根据语境分析，In my country我们习惯于死记硬背，而Here，(老师)教我们自己思考。即主语we和teach之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。陈述的都是一般的事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即are taught。

　Once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help.

　In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.

　?Who put this stone in the centre of the road? said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: ?The night 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.?

　Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money.

　第二节 语法填空

　31. who 32. But 33. a 34. hid 35. Another 36. it 37. saying 38. will be 39. strength 40. Under

高考英语语法有哪些

高考英语语法：can　to　do　sth与could　to　do　sth例题解析

　有这样一道题：

Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _________ a good college.

A. enter

B. to enter

C. entering

D. entered

分析容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。

其实，此题正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：

(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。

(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。

(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。

值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：

(4) He ran as fast as he could _________ to catch the early bus.

A. to hope

B. hope

C. hoping

D. hoped

此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。

(5) He spent every minute he could _________ spoken English.

A. practise

B. to practise

C. practising

D. practised

此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.

(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could __________ his oral English.

A. improve

B. to improve

C. improving

D. to improving

此题答案选D，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”；二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。

英语高考中单选考察的是什么内容？

一．非谓语动词

一．不定式：

一）不定式的常考形式：

1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.

被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.

语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生

2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.

被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前

二）不定式常考的考点：

1）不定式做定语----将要发生

2）不定式做状语----目的

3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.

三)不定式的省略

1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel

+ do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；

+ doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.

昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday.

昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）

" 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.

2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to

I 'd like to have John do it.

I have my package weighed.

Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.

3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do

四)有些动词后只跟不定式如：

want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do

force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do

be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do

We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET

1995）

A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met （Key：C）

五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式

accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.

三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。其中，want不太常用。

He needs (a lot of) encouraging.

二. 动名词： 具有动作性特征的名词

1)是名词 seeing is believing

2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary.

一)动名词的形式:

一般形式：I don't like you smoking.

完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice.

被动形式：This question is far from being settled.

二) 动名词常考的点

1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数

2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词

3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon．（MET 1992）

A．you to call B．you call C．you calling D．you're calling（Key：C your calling 也对）

I regret not having taken your advice.

4)有些词后只能接动名词

admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...

另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法：

it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...

5有些词后加不定式和动名词均可

remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面用不定式和-ing形式，意义截然不容。

I remembered to post the letters. (指未来/过去未来的动作)

I remembered posting/having posting the letters (我记得这个动作)

forgot remember的用法类似。

I regret to inform you that… 我很遗憾地通知你…

I regretted having left the firm after twenty years. 为了"二十年前的离开"而遗憾。

try to 努力 You really must try to overcome your shyness.

try -ing 试验 Try practicing five hours a day.

I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. [打算、想]我想去，但我父亲不让我去。

To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. [意味着]赠加工资意味着增加购买力。

prefer的用法：

我宁愿在这里等。

3 分词：

现在分词主动进行,过去分词被动状态

现在分词的形式:

1)一般式: Do you see the man talking to the dean（主任）? (与谓语动词同步发生)

2)完成形式：Not having made adequate preparations, they failed. (发生谓语动词之前)

3)完成被动形式：Having been adapted, the script seems perfect.( 发生谓语动词之前且表示被动)

过去分词

1) 过去分词表示被动：Fight no battle unprepared.

2)过去分词的进行形式：You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere. (强调正在被做)

这三种非谓语动词，都可以构成复合结构，非谓语动词所修饰的成分是这些非谓语动词的逻辑主语。他们之间的一致关系--主动还是被动，往往就是考点。独立主格结构中，要注意的是分词与他前面的逻辑主语之间的主动被动的关系。

二：虚拟语气和情态动词

情态动词的基本用法及其区别

最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。

一、用"情态动词＋have ＋done"结构表示对过去动作的推测，高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。情态动词的这一用法可以用 "对立统一"来概括。

1．当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时，我们可用"统一"关系来解决这样的试题。常见的结构有：

must have done：

表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作"一定做了……"，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can't／couldn't have done?

疑问式为Can／Could...have done？。

could ／might have done：表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作"可能做了……"。如：

1) My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he

＿＿＿＿＿ your lecture． ?(上海 2000)

A． couldn't have attended

B． needn't have attended

C． mustn't have attended

D． shouldn't have attended

本题选A。

2) Jack ＿＿＿＿ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me． (上海'97

A． mustn't have arrived

B． shouldn't have arrived

C． can't have arrived

D． need not have arrived （C）

2．当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时，常借助"but, however, instead"等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符，这时我们就可以用"对立"关系来解决这样的试题。这种结构常见的有：

should have done ／ ought to have done：表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做。

should not have done ／ ought not to have done：表示过去本不应该做某事但事实上却做了。

由句中的连词but可知前后句之间是对立关系，分析题意可知本题应选C。

二、考查情态动词基本用法之间的比较和辨析。最近几年高考试题中常借助具体的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的基本用法的理解和掌握，因此在做这样的试题时应认真分析语境中所含的实际意义，并结合情态动词的基本含义和用法做出正确的选择。

虚拟语气

" 最自然的虚拟状态：由should/would+原型时态（不含时间只含状态）

本质上是过去将来时：即，时间固定在过去将来，状态不同：一般、进行、完成、完成进行。

这时"虚拟语气"的产生往往是因为我们要表达"本来应该……"（而现在却还没有……）

（本来可以……，本来能……）

一些常见的句型中，就会出现这种虚拟语气，而处于从句之中，should 常常被省略掉

o suggest, advise, propose, recommend, plan;

o demand, order, direct, arrange, command, decide;

o require, request;

o think, expect, believe, insist, suspect.

由于他们的含义中包含"建议，假设，应该"这类的含义，所以，由他们引起的从句中，就会包含有should+原型时态构成的虚拟语气。

这些动词（以及他们的名次形式，分词形式）引起的从句还有其他的变形

主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句

It's suggested that…

My suggestion is that…

The only suggestion that...

The only suggestion I can give you now is that…

一些形容词引起的表语从句中，也会有同样的情况

important; necessary; essential

It's natural ; strange; incredible that

a pity; a shame; no wonder

? 由lest, for fear that, in case 引起的从句中多使用should

" 表达与事实相反

1. 与现在相反：使用[过去时]：

I wish I were not here! (一般现在'一般过去)

Suppose we were not here.

He loved me as if I were his own son. (一般现在'一般过去)

Hope I weren't always losing things! (现在进行'过去进行)

If only/If I hadn't been there! (现在完成'过去完成)

What if I hadn't been waiting right here! (现在完成进行'过去完成进行)

常考句型：It's (high) time (that)…; would rather (that)…

这两个从句，只能表达对现在的看法，所以，从句中只有一般过去时。

2. 与过去相反：过去完成时；

3. 与将来相反？将来的事情没有发生，所以只能推测且实现可能很小

I wish he could not smoke any more.

不过，由于可以用be to表示将来；所以，虚拟语气中经常出现were to；也是CET-4的常考语法点。

" 虚拟条件句

o if 部分，做一个与事实相反的假设（所以只有一般过去和过去完成）

o 主句部分，这是表示基于这个假设的推测，一般使用情态动词would，少数情况下使用could/might/should。

o 注意：两个部分之间，是有逻辑关系，而在两部分的谓语动词时态上，没有必然的联系。

" 注意，虚拟条件句中的if可以省略，造成were/had提前，产生倒装。

" 隐含的非真实条件 :由特殊的词给出条件: with, without, in , but for, otherwise, or

How could I be happy without you? In his shoes, I would kill myself.

But for the storm, we would have arrived.

三、一致关系

一)主谓一致

1． 主谓一致（与插入语无关）

1主谓的分隔原则：主谓之间可以用定语从句或者省略的定语从句分隔。

2定语从句中的主谓一致：

3随前一致：

n. + together with n2

as well as

including

along with

with / of

accompanied with / by

4就近原则：n1 or n2 +v（就近原则）

either n1 or n2

5可数n1 and 可数n2+v(pl)

不可数n1 and 不可数n2+v(pl)

例外：war and peace is… war and peace是一个整体

但是如果主语表示的是同一个概念，同一人，同一事的时候，谓语动词用单数，这种结构的特征是and连接的两个词只有一个冠词。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.

The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.

The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.

类似的还有：law and order bread and

butter black and white

To love and to be loved is …

A lawyer and a teacher are…

A lawyer and teacher is …

6随后原则：not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(与B一致)

7百分比结构：most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent

of+n1+v.（由n1决定

8倒装结构的主谓一致：

a）There be +n 由名词决定动词

b）Among , between等介词位于句首引起倒装结构：

Among / Between …+系动词+n. （由名词决定动词）

9The+adj的主谓一致：

a）当表示"一类人"，

b）当表示某一抽象概念时

The good is always attractive.

10 To do/doing/主从+vs

*More than one+n

many a +n.

a day or two

二)、倒装

1 全部倒装

是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：Up went the plane = the plane went up.

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

2) 表示运动方向的副词(back, down, off, up)或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

注意：1) 上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。Here he comes. Away they went. 2) 谓语动词是be的时候，不能倒装。 Here it is. Here you are.

3） 形容词短语/分词短语位于句首，引起倒装

*typical of characteristic of

*coinciding with + n

4） 表示地点范围的介词短语位于句首，谓语动词为系动词，一定引起倒装

In…（表语）+系动词+主，主同。

*在倒装句型答案中不能出现there

*常考介词要倒装：among between in at beneath

常考的系动词：be lie exist remain rest

部分倒装

1． 否定 adv 位于句首，引起倒装：not only, not until, hardly, scarcely,

seldom, rarely, no sooner…than

1） not until + 时间 + 主谓倒装，not until + 句子+主谓倒装

2） only+状语位于句首

only +ad. eg: recently

prep.短短语 eg: in recently years

从句 eg: when clause

only一个词本身不倒装

3） 在比较级结构中，than后面可以倒装，也可以不倒装。

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

? 1) Neither, nor, so 表示前面句子的共同否定或者肯定，产生倒装，一般主动词提前，谓语动词的其他部分就

4) as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

as〔让步〕虽然，尽管〔词序倒装。语气比 though 强〕。

Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽成功，却不骄傲。

Women as she is, she's every brave.

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意：A) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。B) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

5) 其他部分倒装

a) so… that 句型中的so; such… that句型中的such位于句首时，需倒装。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

b) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.

c) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Were I you, I would try it again.

四、复合句

从句可分为：

? 名词性从句' 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

? 形容词性从句'定语从句

? 副词性从句'状语从句

" 常考的关系代词：that; which; who/whom/whose; where; when; what; as。

" 常见的同位语从句现行词（that之前的抽象名词）：fact, idea, news, hope, conclusion, evidence, opinion, problem, thought, understanding…

" 常用的引导词

o 时间状语从句：while; when; before; whenever; as; after; till; until; since; once; ever since; as/so long as; as soon as; no sooner… than; hardly… when; scarcely/barely… when; the moment/minute/instant; on (the point of) doing…

o 地点状语从句：where; wherever

o 原因状语从句：because; since; as; seeing that; considering that; now that; in that; for fear that; lest; owing to the fact that; because of the fact that; due to the fact that…

o 方式状语从句：as; as if; as though; how; save that…

o 比较状语从句：as; than; as… as; not so… as; hardly… than;

o 结果状语从句：so that; so… that; such… that; so as to…

o 条件状语从句：if; unless; in case; so long as; so far as; provided/providing/that; supposing; granted/granting that…; giving that…

o 让步状语从句：though; although; even if; even though; whether; as; however; no matter (what, how, when); for all that; in spite of the fact that; granted that; regardless of the fact that…

o 目的状语从句：that; so that; in order that; lest; for the fear that; in case…

定语从句:

which 引导的定语从句结构

1）which是关系代词，which后面应该加缺主语或者宾语的句子，

在这个句子中，which要作成分，作主语或者宾语

2）in which+完整的句子

which在定语从句中作in的宾语，所以不能作后面句子的主语

3）名词+of which+谓语动词

of which来修饰名词，名词在定语从句中作主语，所以后面直接跟谓语动词

I have five books three of which are borrowed from Mary.

4）介词+ which +to do 其功能相当于定语从句。

The key with which to open the door is lost.

5）定语从句的省略结构：

1． 如果that / which在定从中作 宾语，可以省略.

sub+vt+n+(which / that)+sub+vt

→s+vt+n+s+v

s+vt+n1+n2+vt

*当做题时，若发现两个名词在一起，但是似乎连不上，则一定省略that /

which，则动词为vt，做谓语。

6）定从的特殊省略

the way (in which) + 句子

the reason (why that)+句子 均为完整句

the time (that / when)+句子

I do remember the first time (that省) I ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.

By the time省that+句子，句子。

7）定从的主系省略（主+系可同时省）

即：which be , who be , that be可同时省

状语从句省略结构

这种省略从句主语的方式理论上需要满足以下两个条件：

第一、特定的状语从句引导词：although though even though when while if as

第二、从句主语和主句主语必须保持一致；

第三、从句的谓语必须是be动词，主语和be动词同进同出，比如上面的they和are要么同时省略，要么同时保留。

高考英语插入语及插入句的用法

在NMET中，插入语屡见不鲜，由于插入语通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，因此给考生的理解带来一定困难。插入语多半用逗号与句子隔开，用来表示说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度。插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。

一、常用做插入语的副词

indeed的确， surely无疑， however然而， obviously显然， frankly坦率地说， naturally自然， luckily (或happily) for sb.算某人幸运， fortunately幸好， strangely奇怪， hone stly真的， briefly简单地说等。

1. Surely， she won?t go to China Telecom with you.

当然她不会和你一起去中国电信。

2. Strangely， he has not been to China Unicom. Still more strangely， he has not called me.

奇怪，他未来过中国联通。更奇怪，他没给我打电话。

3. Fortunately， I found the book that I?d lost.

幸亏我找到了已丢失的那本书。

二、常见的作插入语的形容词或其短语

true真的， funny真可笑， strange to say说也奇怪， needless to say不用说， most impor tant of all最为重要， worse still更糟糕的等。

1. Strange to say (或True)， he should have done such a thing.

说也奇怪(或真的)，他竟然做出这样的事。

2. Most important of all， you each over?fulfilled your own task.

更为重要的，你们各自超额完成了自己的任务。

三、常用作插入语的介词短语

in a few words(或in sum， in short)简而言之， in other words换句话说， in a sense在某种意义上， in general一般说来， in my view在我看来， in his opinion(judgment)按照他的意见(判断)， in conclusion总之， in summary概括地说， in fact事实上， in the first place首先， in addition此外， of course当然， to our knowledge据我们所知， to my joy(delight， satisfaction)使我欣慰(高兴、满意)的， to their surprise(astonis hment， amazement)使他们惊奇的， to her regret (disappointment)使她遗憾(失望)的， for instance(或example)例如， as a matter of fact事实上等。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-高三英语知识点综合训练3

英语高考中单选会出现语法，词组，单词的使用，也有日常用语就是如何回答对方。

单选题部分需要记忆，部分要语法熟练，老师上课时讲的单词词组以及用法要掌握背牢，语法知识要去背，但更要理解。

你说的缺成分应该是一些定语宾语从句，这就要你去看语法了，你遇到这些问题就用语法对照着去试着解答，多练习了几个题目你就会找到规律了，你也可以直接问老师，老师会详细的告诉你这是最好的。

英语就是一个积累的过程，如果你句子成分觉得很难分析，先去搞懂主谓宾等基本句子结构，再去理解语法

《高中英语语法-高三英语知识点综合训练3》由liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

高三英语知识点综合训练3

高考综合复习：Book 1 Unit 4---6

重点词汇与短语：

1.take place 发生

2.so---that 如此---以致于

3.sweep sb. down 冲倒

4.pull up 拽起，停车

5.hold on to 抓住，握住

6.get on one?s feet 站起来

7.go on a holiday 度假

8.far away from 远离

9.on fire 着火

10.such as 例如

11.travel agent 旅行社

12.be caught in 遭遇到

13.think twice 三思

14.think highly of 对---评价很高

15.stare at 盯着

16.leave out遗漏

17.take off 脱下，起飞

18.go wrong 出问题

19.in all 总之

20.on the air 广播

21.make jokes about开---的玩笑

22.play a role扮演角色

23.make money 挣钱

24.owe success to sb.把成功归功于某人

25.start with 以---开始

26.a thank-you letter 一封感谢信

27.introduce---to--- 将---介绍给---

28.make a good impression 留下好印象

29.the custom of toasting 敬酒的习俗

30.apologize to sb. for sth.因为某事向某人道歉

交际用语:

1.Well done! 做得好！

2.You can do it! 你能行！

3.Come on! 快点！

4.It scares me. 这让我害怕。

5.Keep trying! 再试试！

6.How do you like/find---? 你认为---怎么样？

7.What do you think of---? 你认为---怎么样？

8.Excuse me. 对不起。

9.Forgive me. 请原谅。

10.I?m (very/so/terribly) sorry. 十分抱歉。

11.I?m sorry. I didn?t mean to---. 对不起，我不是有意---。

12.That?s all right./ That?s OK./ No problem. 没关系。

知识点归纳:

1.advance

(1) v. 前进,推进,促进,提升

Napoleon?s army advanced towards Moscow. 那破仑的军队向莫斯科挺进了。

Two months has passed and the project has advanced.

两个月过去了，这项工程已有进展。

(2) n. 前进，进展

The commander ordered to halt the enemy?s advance. 司令下令阻止敌军前进。

He?s always paying attention to the advances in medical science.

他时刻注意着医学上的进步。

（3）in advance 预先，在---之前

I was given a month?s salary in advance. 我提前发了一个月的工资。

（4）advancedadj. 高级的，先进的

Einstein learned advanced mathematics all by himself at 13.

爱因斯坦13岁就能自学高等数学了。

Few scientists could understand his advanced theory at that time.

那时没几个科学家能理解他高深的理论。

2.seize vt.

(1) 抓住，捉住

The thief was seized by the police. 那个小偷被警察抓住了。

He seized me by the arm. 他抓住了我的胳膊。

(2) 抓住（时机）

If you get the opportunity to work abroad, you should seize it with both hands.

如果你有出国工作的机会，切勿放过。

Seize the day, seize the hour!

只争朝夕！

（3）（思想、感情等）支配人的头脑

The man was seized with panic. 这个人惊慌失措。

Uncontrollable laughter seized us. 我们不由自主地大笑起来了。

3.strike vt. vi. (struck, struck/stricken)

(1) 打，击，砍，敲

strike a blow 击出一拳

strike a match 划火柴

I wouldn?t dream of striking a woman. 我做梦也不会打女人。

He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他气得用拳头砸桌子。

(2) 打中，击中；撞，触礁

A snow ball struck/hit him on the back of the head. 一个雪球打中了他的后脑勺。

Then my shovel struck against something metallic.

然后我的铲子碰到了一件像金属的东西。

（3）（某种想法）忽然出现；使（某人）突然意识到

It strikes sb. that--- 忽然意识到

be struck by--- 深受感动

The funny side of the affair suddenly struck her. 她突然意识到了事情可笑的一面。

We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens.

使我们深受感动的是，甚至最贫穷的市民也慷慨大方。

（4） 给某人某种印象

---How did it strike you? 你觉得它如何？

---It struck me as strange at the time. 我当时觉得它很古怪。

（5）（钟）敲响

The church clock began to strike twelve. 教堂的钟开始敲12点。

(6) 突然袭击

When the snake strikes, its mouth opens wide.

蛇发起进攻时，嘴张得很大。

I fear an earthquake will strike this area again. 我担心地震会再次发生在这一地区。

(7) 罢工 （也可用做名词）

I?m sure the bus drivers will strike/ go on strike. 我确信公共汽车司机会罢工。

(8) strike, beat, hit, tap, knock

strike 常表示用力打或敲

hit有?撞击，袭击?之意，比strike稍弱一些，指一次性的打击或击中

beat 指连续多次的打，也指有节奏的击打，还可表示打败

tap指轻拍

knock 指敲打并伴有响声，还可表示打倒、撞翻

考题链接：

(1) It _____ her how quiet and gentle he was.

A. beat B. hit C. struck D. knock

(2) He sat quietly in the room, listening to the rain ____ against the window.

A. beating B. hitting C. striking D. knocking

答案 C A

分析 第一题表示?使某人忽然意识到?，用strike; 第二题表示连续敲打，用beat.

4.感官动词 see, hear, find, notice, watch + 宾语 +宾补

(1) 感官动词 + 宾语 +doing, 表示宾补的动作正在发生。

We can see parrots flying along the river. 我们可以看到鹦鹉在沿着河边飞翔。

I can feel my heart beating fast. 我可以感觉到我的心跳得很快。

(2) 感官动词 + 宾语 +do, 表示宾补的动作已经完成。

I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。

I didn?t notice you enter. 我没注意你进来了。

(3) 感官动词 + 宾语 +done, 表示宾语和宾补之间是被动关系。

I found his hands tied to a tree. 我发现他的双手被绑在树上。

He saw the girl bitten by the dog. 他看到那个女孩被狗咬了。

5.fight

(1) vt. 和---作战

We are fighting pollution now. 我们正在和污染作斗争。

(2) vi.

fight against 为反对---而斗争

The slaves fought against the slavery. 奴隶们为推翻奴隶制度而战。

fight for 为（争取）---而斗争

He called on the slaves to fight for freedom. 他号召奴隶们为自由而战。

fight with 同---一起战斗，与---战斗

France fought with Germany in that war. 在那场战争中法国对德国作战。

fight over 因为---而争吵

The twin sisters always fight over toys. 这对双胞胎姐妹经常因为玩具而争吵。

(3) n. 战斗，搏斗

This film is about people?s fight for right. 这部**反映了人民争取自己权利的斗争。

Our country has started a fight against corruption. 我国已经开始了一场反腐败斗争。

(4) fight, war, battle, struggle

fight 意为?战争?，指战争的动作。

They fought back in self-defence. 他们进行了自卫还击。

war 指全面战争，包含多次。

We experienced two world wars in the last century.

上个世纪我们经历了两次世界大战。

battle 战役，指大的、连续数小时数天的战争。

the battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役

struggle 指较长时间的激烈的争斗，常指肉体、精神上的战斗。

They had to struggle for their freedom. 他们不得不为自由而战。

The army struggled against Japanese Imperialist. 这部队与日本帝国主义作斗争。

6.take place, happen, break out

take place 多表示按计划或规定要发生的事情。

happen 常用词，有偶然发生之意。

break out 常指战争、火灾和疾病的爆发。

三个词组都为不及物动词，没有被动语态。

A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。

He was in French when the Second World War broke out. 二战爆发时他在法国。

When did the traffic accident happen?交通事故是什么时候发生的？

Something strange has happened to the chemistry teacher. 化学老师出了点奇怪的事情。

When will the sports meet take place? 运动会什么时候举行？

Great changes have taken place in his hometown since 1980.

从1980年以来他的家乡发生了巨变。

7.destroy vt.破坏，毁灭，毁掉

The school was completely destroyed by fire. 学校被大火彻底烧毁了。

That accident destroyed her ballet career. 那次事故毁掉了她的芭蕾生涯。

destroy表示彻底毁掉，也可用于抽象意义，可指人或物。

damage 通常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等无生命物体受到损伤或毁坏，但往往可以修复。可用作名词。

ruin 表示毁坏某种好的或有用的东西。

The chemical rain damages trees in the forests. 酸雨损害了森林中的树木。

The precious painting was ruined by spilt milk. 洒出来的牛奶毁坏了那幅珍贵的画。

The storm caused great damage to the crops. 这场风暴给庄稼造成了很大的损害。

8.award

(1) 可数名词，主要指?奖品，奖赏，奖金?，有时也指?报酬，工资?。

Meryl Streep won the best actress award. 梅丽尔斯特里普获最佳女演员奖。

The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奥运会冠军的奖品是一枚金牌。

The nurses? pay award was not as much as they had expected.

护士的工资远没有她们预想的那么多。

(2) vt. 给予，授予，判给

Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.

爱因斯坦因在量子物理学方面的成就而被授予诺贝尔奖。

The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大学给她发了奖学金。

(3) priz 主要用于表示?获得几等奖?或?获奖金额?，常说

win a prize for---

award sb. a prize

reward 可用做名词或动词，指?报答，报偿，奖赏?。

考题链接：

It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.

A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results

答案 A

分析 该句意思为?人们普遍认为小孩子学会做事是因为这些行为会带来奖赏/回报?。

9.owe vt.

(1)欠（债）

If he has borrowed some money from her, and has not paid her back, he owes her the money.

如果他借了她的钱没归还，他就欠她钱。

How much do I owe you? 我欠你多少钱？

We owe our parents a lot. 我们对父母感激不尽。

(2) owe sth. to sb. 感激，把---归功于---

He owes his success to our help. 他把成功归功于我们的帮助。

We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers. 我们深受父母及师长之恩。

I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我现在还活着，应该感激你。

(3) owing to由于，因为

Owing to the rain they could not come. 因为下雨，他们不能来。

Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因为天旱，收成不好。

10.live adj. 活的，生动的，精力充沛的，实况转播的

It wasn?t a recorded show; it was live. 这不是录像，是实况转播。

They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage.

当演出在舞台上进行时他们进行了实况转播。

The concert will be broadcast live. 这次演唱会将进行实况转播。

That is a live fish. 那是一条活鱼。

The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.

该实验室在用十多只活猴子进行实验。

She is a live woman. 她是一位精力充沛的女人。

live 当?活的?讲时，只修饰动物，如a live mouse, a live snake

11.take off

(1) 脱掉，摘掉（反义词为put on）

I forgot to take off my make-up last night. 我昨天晚上忘了卸妆。

He took off his coat and went to sleep. 他脱下外衣睡觉了。

(2) (飞机)起飞，起跑

As the plane was taking off, I remembered I didn?t turn the iron off.

飞机起飞时，我才想起我没有切断熨斗的电源。

When we went to the airport, the plane had taken off. 我们到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。

(3) 休假，一般说take some time off

I?m taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.

我周四要休假去买一些圣诞礼物。

(4) 开始成功，成名

I hear the business is really taking off. 我听说生意真的开始兴隆了。

Spielberg?s career really took off when he began to shoot his short films.

斯皮尔伯格开始从事短片拍摄时，他的事业真正腾飞了。

(5) take in 吸收，理解；收留

take back 使回忆起；追回

take over 接管，接任

take up 开始从事；占去（时间、空间）；拿起（武器）

高考链接：

(1)It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. (福建2004)

A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over

(2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day.

(广东2004)

A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up

答案

(1) C hand sth. over to sb. ?把---传给某人?

(2) A take up ?占用时间? 《高中英语语法-高三英语知识点综合训练3》由liuxue86.com我整理