英语高考语法总结_英语高考语法知识点总结

1.高考英语语法：动词的时态和语态

2.高考英语语法： 独立主格结构的七种形式

3.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句

4.高考英语语法主要考哪些

5.高三英语容易出错的知识点归纳与总结

一：非谓语：（1）形式有三种：动词不定式，动名词，分词。

动词不定式相当于名词，形容词，副词，可做主语，宾语，宾补，表语，定语，状语（即谓语以外的所有句子成分）；动名词相当于名词，可做主语，宾语，表语，定语；分词相当于形容词，副词，可做宾补，表语，定语，状语；

（2）语态：若逻辑主语是动作的发出者，则用主动；若逻辑主语是动作的承受者，则用被动；若逻辑主语既不是动作的发出者也不是承受者，则：动词不定式用独立结构

动名词用复合结构

分词用独立主格结构

举例：A）动词不定式作主语：To finish my homework is my job.

宾语：I want to have a wise brain.

宾补：I want you to attend the meeting.

表语：You job is to earn money.

定语：He is to go to college.

状语：I get up early in order to recite the poem.

独立结构：To tell you the turth,I am a student.

注意：1:有些宾语的不定式有自己的补语，则应用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置，如：I think it important to study English well.

2:不定式一般不做介词的宾语，除在极少数介词后才行（如but,except），此时动词不定式可带to也可不带to，如：He seldom comes except (to)see my daughter.

B)动名词做主语：Reading is my habbit.

宾语：The old need looking after.

表语：I am reading.

定语：He was looking the hanging picture.

复合结构：Alan's illness accounts for his coming late for school.

注意：1：一些特殊句式，如It is no good(no use,fun,a wast of time)+doing

There is no.....+doing

2:动名词复合结构的一般规则是：逻辑主语是有生命的名词，作主语时，须用名词的所有格形式或形容词性物主代词；作宾语时，可用普通格或人称代词宾格。

C）：分词作宾补：I mind your somking.

表语：The news is encouraging./The glass is broken.

定语：This is a reading room./The book written by him is interesting.

状语：Seen from the top of the mountain,the city is beautiful.

二：虚拟语气：

A):在条件从句中：

1):表示与事实相反 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式

表示现在情况 if+主语+did should/would/could/might+do

表示过去情况 if+主语+had done should/would/could/might+have done

表示将来情况 if+主语+were to do should/would/could/might+do

if+主语+should do

if+主语+did

2):在省略if的条件从句中，从句有were,should,had时，可省略if，而把它们置于主语之前，如：

If I had had time, I would have made an appointment with you.变成Had I have time,I would have an appointment with you.

3):介词without引导的短语可用来代替if引导的虚拟条件从句，如:If there were no water,fish couldn't live.

可由Without water,fish couldn't live.来代替。

4）：错综时间的条件从句，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照设定的时间而定。如：If you had studied hard at that time,you would do it easily now.

B);在宾语从句中

1）：在一些表示“坚持，命令，要求，建议”的词（如insist,command,order,require,request,desire,demand,advise,suggest,propose)后面接的宾语从句用should do,should可省略。

2):wish引导的宾语从句有三种情况：

1，现在：用过去式；

2，过去：用过去完成时；

3，将来：用（would/could)+do。

3）：在would rather引导的宾语从句中

当从句表示现在或将来的时间时，谓语动词用一般过去式；表示过去的时间时，谓语动词要用过去完成时。

C）：在主语从句中

在句型“It is strange/necessary/natural/important/right/pity/sorry+that......”中，that后面从句的谓语动词用：should do。注意：有些过去分词可以当形容词使用，在主语从句中要用虚拟语气，如It is ordered/commanded/required/advised/suggested that we/you /he/ she(should）+do .

D)：在表语从句中

主句的主语常是表示说话人的命令，要求，建议，愿望等的名词（如order,command,requirement,demand,advise,suggestion,wish,desire),表语从句的谓语动词用（should)+do.如:Our suggestion is that you (should）be there on time.

E）：在同位语从句中

同位语从句的先行词常是说话人愿望，建议，要求，命令等的名词。如：We put up with our suggestion that you (should) be there on time.

F):在as if从句中

1）：在as if从句中，常用虚拟语气，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式。

2）：当不接虚拟语气时，表示可能或真实的情形。如：It looks as if it is going to rain.

3）：虚拟语气中的几个特例

1，if only 意为：若是……那该多好啊;真希望……；只要，只要……就好了，如:If only I could fly.

2，It's(high)time that……that从句要用虚拟语气：谓语动词用过去式或should do 。如：It's high time that we should go.

3，一些短语，如：but for(要不是），without,otherwise（否则），in that case(如果那样的话），表示含蓄的条件，这是主句要用虚拟语气。如：Without your help,I couldn't finish it on time.

三：倒装句

A):完全倒装：谓语的全部放在主句之前。（此结构常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时）

1)用在there be结构中，此外，在此结构中可用来代替be的动词有exist,seem,happen,appear,hve,rise,stand等。如：There are many students in my classroom.

2):表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如now,then,here,there,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首时，为使生动地描述情景而采用倒装语序，谓语动词常用动语come,go,be,lie,run,rush等。如：Now comes your turn.

注意：当代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如:Here it is.

3):当句首为表示地点的介词词组时，也常引起全部倒装。如：From the valley came a frightening sound.

4):为平衡句子结构，或使上下文衔接紧密，表语置于句首时，倒装结构为：表语+连系动词+主语

1，“形容词+连系动词+主语”如:Present at the meeting were my sister.

2,“过去分词+连系动词+主语”如：Gone are the days when we were poor.

3,“介词短语+be+主语”如：Among the goods are flowers and toys.

B):部分倒装：只把系动词、助动词、情态动词放在主句之前。

1):在疑问句中，如：Can you speak English?

2):用于“never,hardly,seldom,scarely,rarely,barely,little,often,at no time(决不），by no means(绝不），under no circumstances(在任何一种情况下都不),in no case(绝不），in no way(决不）”等含有豆丁意义的副词或连词在句首的句型中。如:Little did he care about his own safety.

3):用于“no sooner....than....,hardly.....when.....,和not until....,not only....but alsol....,neither....nor”的句型中，主句部分用部分倒装。如:Not until the children fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

4):"only+状语"置于句首是要进行部分倒装，状语包括副词，介词短语和状语从句。如：Only then did he realise the importance of English.

5):用于“so/such....that"句型，so/such置于句首时，要部分倒装。如：So fast did he run that I couldn't catch up with him.

6):用于“形容词（或名词，动词）+as (though)"引导的让步状语从句中。如：

Try as you would, you might fail again.

Beautiful as she is,she isn't clever.

Child as he is ,he knows a lot.

7）：用于省略if 的条件状语从句中，把助动词were,had,should提到主语前面。

高考英语语法：动词的时态和语态

高中英语语法总结

定语从句 ：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句

时态：现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 将来完成进行时

状语从句

非谓语动词的用法

虚拟语气的运用

推荐你个好东东，魏训刚的《高考语法完全突破》视讯教程，非常好用。有配套练习和记忆大纲，三件一套，又叫中学语法三剑客，现在很热，可以搜来看看。

定语从句 ，状语从句，表语从句， 名词性从句（主语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句） 倒装 省略 反意疑问句 动词短语 冠词

满意请采纳，谢谢

分词（participle）

现在分词一般式 否定式 完成式 被动式

Doing Not doing Having done Being done

Not having done Having been done

Not being done

现在分词，过去分词

现在分词表示被动，表进行；及物动词的过去分词表被动，完成。

Boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water 已经开过的水

The rising sun 正在升起的太阳 the risen sun 升起了的太阳

A developing country 发展中国家 a developed country 发达国家

*现在分词和过去分词都可以在句中作表语，定语，状语和宾语补足语。

作表语

。现在分词作表语一般表示主语的特征和句中主语是主谓关系，主语一般是物，有时也可以是人。

。过去分词做表语一般表示主语所处的状态和句中主语是逻辑的动宾关系，主语一般是人，也可以是物。

（1） the film is moving we are moved

disappoint /surprise /move /frighten /inspire /interest

The boy is disappointing and his father is disappointed.

He tried be calm, but his voice sounded a bit surprised.

be covered /lined with

The door remained locked They remained listening.

2.做定语：

有些词的过去分词有两种 learned /learned burned /burnt lighted/light

一般规则变化的做定语，不规则变化的不做定语

*单独的一个分词做定语通常放在被修饰词的前边，分词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后边，相当于一个定语从句。

1（ 使动词的用法

*a girl named Mary came to see me .

*a girl calling herself Mary came to see me .

a moved girl = a girl who was moved a moving film =a film which is moving

a surprised look /expression on his face

2) I read the book written (which was written) by lu xun

Tell the children playing the guitar not to make so much noise.

The building being built is our teaching building.

He lives in a room facing the south.

注：有些词只能用定语从句表达而不能用过去分词的形式。

The boy who came to see me is my brother.

There were aidents that always happened.

3) 现在分词短语和过去分词短语都可以做非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句 . The book, written in 1980, tells of struggle.

2.作状语： 时间状语，原因状语，条件状语，伴随状语。

He went into the lab, following other students.

The teacher went into the lab, followed by a group of students.

Being a young people, he is always ready to help others.= as he is a young people ,…..

Given more time, he would do it even better. =if we were more time ,………..

Being ill, he didn’t go to school. = as he is ill ,he didn’t ……..

Not knowing what to do, went to ask marl.

Not having received her lessons well, she failed in the exam.

Having finished her work, she went home.

Getting up early, you’ll catch the bus. =if you get earlier ,……..

considering 就…而言 考虑到，各方面考虑起来

She seems very bright, considering.

Considering the distance, he arrived quickly.

The hall is still in good condition, considering that it was built almost 1000 years ago.

注：1) Generally speaking, he is a good person.

Judging from his skin, he is an African.

He left home, determined not to set his foot in his home.

但是 to tell the truth ,……. To be honest ………

regarding = about 关于…的问题

He spoke to me regarding his failure .

I must speak to you regarding this matter.

2) 分词做状语，分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。

While visiting a city, a guidebook is very useful.

While reading the letter, tears e to her eyes. (错误)

当分词做状语，分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时， 分词可以在自己的前 面加上自己的逻辑主语，这样后构成的短语叫独立主格结构，一般用逗号与主句分开。

It being Sunday .I don’t have to go to work.

He being a party member, his deeds are expected by all.

Our work having been finished, we went home.

They’re being no buses, we went home.

Weather permitting; we’ll start on Saturday.

Mr. *** ith is shy and doesn’t speak until spoken to.

4. 做宾语补足语。

see , watch , hear , notice , feel , find , get , have , leave , keep +n./+分词

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.

When he woke up , he found himself lying on the ground .

Don’t have the medicine working all the time.

I won’t have you talking to your mother like this .否定表示不允许，不容忍。

* get *** . /sth . doing 使。。重新开始

get the clock going get the car going 跑/ start 启动

It’s not hard to get the children speaking, but it’s hard to s them.

I often hear the song sung in English.

he spoke loudly in order to make himself heard clearly .

I saw the boy beaten by tom.

The teacher found jack seated / sitting in the room.

The boy was last seen playing in the river.

注： dress ---- be dressed seat ------be seated fix ---one’s eye be fixed on

We found her dressed in red today.

The thief was caught stealing

Dressed in red, she went out.

We found him hidden behind the door.

We sat there silent, her eyes fixed on that army camp.

I didn’t hear a single word in his talk referring to your absence from the meeting.

Do you know the man referred to at the meeting?

He walked along the river, his hands folded across his shoulder.

Feel one’s heart beating fast. /his face exposed.

Compared with tom, he is an honest man.

Comparing what he had with tom, he is satisfied.

The Gerund 动名词

—。 构成。

语态/形式 一般式 完成式 复合结构

主动 Doing Having done One’s doing

被动 Being done Having been done

否定形式一律在其前加not

II .用途： 定语，宾语，主语，表语

做主语：动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。

Smoking does harm to your health.

Tom’s ing made us happy.

Her not ing back made her father angry.

His being punished by the teacher is known to us.

Looking after children is her job.

Seeing is believing （前后对应）眼见为实。

Teaching is learning 教学相长。

My falling ill worried him greatly.

注意下列结构: It is no use / good / useful doing

It is no good quarrelling with them.

It is no use regretting what you have done.

2. 定语

动名词做定语表示用途。（即 ving 做定语有两个意思 1）表动作在进行 2）表用途）

a walking stick / a changing room 更衣室／ a hiding place / an operating table

a collecting tin / a weight machine / building material / drinking water / swimming pool

a washing machine / a sleeping car / a *** oking room / sowing machine 播种机

booking office 售票处 ／ training class 训练班 ／translating machine 翻译机

3．作表语，可以与主语互相转换。

His worst habit is eating too fast.

Our job is playing all kinds of instruments.

Their job is making model planes.

The real problem is getting all the materials ready before the end of the month.

The problem is his son’s having taken the other’s money.

4. 做宾语。

动名词既可以做动词宾语，也可以作介词宾语。

He has finished reading the book.

We could hear the noise of the desk’s being opened. and closed.

He came to attend the concert without being invited.

He suggested the text’s being translated into Chinese.

You should practise listening to English.

She looked forward to receiving her mother’s letter.

注意：1)有些动词或动词短语后面， 必须用动名词做宾语，而不用不定式。

enjoy , finish , mind , risk , avoid , forbid , excuse , practise , imagine , suggest , delay , miss , escape , can’t help , consider ,

be worth doing / be busy doing / give up doing / put off doing / insist on doing

keep / prevent /s from doing feel like doing / prefer doing to doing

be afraid of / be tired of / be fond of / be proud of /sueed in

. the wounded solider escaped being killed in the fighting .

do you mind my *** oking here ?

Don’t be afraid of asking for help.

The boy insisted on being severed with cake.

2)要特别注意以下几个片语

pay attention to / look forward to / devote oneself to / make contribution to

stick to / be /get used to / object to / refer to / get down to / see to （ 处理）

He objected to being treated as a child.

The scientist devoted himself to inventing this new machine.

有些动词跟to do 和doing 均可，但意思不同。

fet to do 忘记做/去做一件事 （没有做）

fet doing 忘记过去做过某事 。

I fet to close the window when I left my office.

Don’t fet to post the letter for me.

I fet meeting you in the street the other day.

remember to do 记住去做某事

remember doing 记得做过某事

please remember to close the window when you leave .

I remember having given the book to you.

regret to do 对现在要发生的事情表示遗憾，抱歉。

Regret doing 对已经发生的事情表示后悔。

I regret to say / to tell you that I can’t go with you.

He regretted having told you about it.

mean to do 打算，想要做，有做某事的意图。

Mean doing 意味着

I mean to go with you.

He didn’t mean to hurt you.

It means finishing in time.

Giving him such books to read means waste his time .

e. try to do 试图于，设法干，尽力于

try doing 试着干

The boy tried to open the door.

He tried driving a bus.

s to do /doing

go on to do / doing

be sure to do 肯定会 ，讲会者肯定

be sure of doing 主语自己会

He is sure to e

I am sure of his ing.

H. like /hate to do

Like hate doing

Nobody likes being laughed at.

4. 注意： need, want require +doing = need, want, require to be done

The room wants cleaning / to be cleaned

The child needs looking after / to be looked after

5. 有些 介词加doing 表示时间

on /upon doing = as soon as

in doing = when /while

On hearing the news, he jumped with joy.

In working in shanghai, he made a lot of friends.

=While working in shanghai, he made a lot of friends.

定语从句 ，状语从句，表语从句， 名词性从句（主语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句） 倒装 省略 反意疑问句 动词短语 冠词

语专家葛传槼先生曾说：“语法是语言的法则。”英语语法是英国语言的实际用法，是通过语法家的调查研究、分析、综合而总结出来的，不是凭空臆造出来的。任何人使用英语，不管他是否学过语法，都必须依照语法。举个极简单的例子说，任何人写或讲“My mother studies English．”这一句，决不可把My改作I或Me，也不可把studies改作study或studys，也不可在English前面加上the。至于他是否知道possessive（所有格），indicative（直陈语言），third person（第三人称），article（冠词）等名称，那是另一问题。<br> 我国的英语学习者大多是十多岁的青少年，或者理解力较强，或者模仿力较强，在没有英语环境的情况下，学习语法，了解所学语言的规则，可以缩短学习过程，掌握英语的规律，尽快提高听、说、读、写、译的能力。<br> 那么，怎样学习语法呢？下面拟从四个方面简要谈一谈：<br> （1）练好基本句型<br> 我国近年来的英语教学实践证明：在初学阶段，采用听说领先、学习基本句型的方法去学习英语语法，是行之有效的。<br> 句型学习是通过听说领先的方法去学习传统语法里最常用的语法专案（把它们变为句型去操练）。句型训练实际上吸取了传统语法与结构语法两派的长处。目前国内的英语广播（电视）教学，在入门阶段，多采用句型教学法。因此学生们或者收听广播（收看电视）进行学习，或者根据所选用的课本提供的句型用替换词进行替换练习。所学的句型应该是由浅入深，由简到繁；讲求熟练掌握，不要贪多冒进。每学一个专案，首先要把单项练习练熟，然后过渡到综合练习，最后则应做到扩大运用。<br> 以定语从句这一项为例，首先要反复进行替换练习。把“I read a novel yesterday．”和“It was extremely Interesting．”这两个单句改为“The novel I read yesterday was extremely interesting．”这就是定语从句的单项练习。再如把“I saw a man this morning．”和“The man is my teacher．”改为“The man I saw this morning is my teacher．”；把“I saw a film last night．”和“The film was very amusing．”改为“The film I saw last night was very amusing．”这种练习虽然是枯燥的，却是重要的基本功，把定语从句练到脱口而出的地步。这是第一步。<br> 第二步是把定语从句放在一定的语言情景中去综合运用，进行一问一答。如：<br> A：Did you enjoy the opera？<br> B：Which opera？<br> A：The one we saw last night，of course．<br> B：Yes，very much．<br> 第三步是扩大运用，也就是把定语从句和以前学过的两三个专案放在一起去操练。<br> A：Do you know who Edgar Snow was？（一般疑问句；宾语从句）<br> B：Yes，he was an American writer who interviewed Chairman Mao in Beijing．（定语从句）<br> A：Oh，now I remember．He was the author who wrote“Red Star Over China”，wasn't he？（定语从句；反意疑问句）<br> B：Exactly．<br> 这种回答不但练了定语从句，而且复习了一般疑问句和反意疑问句，也给名词从句的学习打了“埋伏”。进行句型操练，既需要“滚雪球”（复习已学的专案），也需要“打埋伏”（预先练一下将来要学习的专案）。<br> 在句型学习阶段必须注意：在听、说领先的前提下，写、读要跟上，力求听、说、写、读四会均衡发展。因此，时间上要做出合理的安排。早上通常可安排为朗读时间。如果能每日坚持下去，收效一定很大。<br> （2）结合课文去学<br> 吕叔湘先生说过：“与其多读语法书，不如多读文章。”又说：“词语要嵌在上下文里才有生命，才容易记住，才知道用法。”（引自《中国人学英语》）课文是学习英语的“重要基地”。课文里有语音、词汇专案，也有各类语法专案。它们有机地结合在课文里。课文中出现的语法专案，是有血有肉的，不是干巴巴的。通过课文去学语法，可以学得活，记得牢，这比孤零零地背诵语法条目要有效得多。因此，在句型学习结束后，宜结合课文去学语法，要围绕课文中出现的主要语法专案，循序渐进地学习比较系统的语法知识。

语专家葛传槼先生曾说：“语法是语言的法则。”英语语法是英国语言的实际用法，是通过语法家的调查研究、分析、综合而总结出来的，不是凭空臆造出来的。任何人使用英语，不管他是否学过语法，都必须依照语法。举个极简单的例子说，任何人写或讲“My mother studies English．”这一句，决不可把My改作I或Me，也不可把studies改作study或studys，也不可在English前面加上the。至于他是否知道possessive（所有格），indicative（直陈语言），third person（第三人称），article（冠词）等名称，那是另一问题。

我国的英语学习者大多是十多岁的青少年，或者理解力较强，或者模仿力较强，在没有英语环境的情况下，学习语法，了解所学语言的规则，可以缩短学习过程，掌握英语的规律，尽快提高听、说、读、写、译的能力。

那么，怎样学习语法呢？下面拟从四个方面简要谈一谈：

（1）练好基本句型

我国近年来的英语教学实践证明：在初学阶段，采用听说领先、学习基本句型的方法去学习英语语法，是行之有效的。

句型学习是通过听说领先的方法去学习传统语法里最常用的语法专案（把它们变为句型去操练）。句型训练实际上吸取了传统语法与结构语法两派的长处。目前国内的英语广播（电视）教学，在入门阶段，多采用句型教学法。因此学生们或者收听广播（收看电视）进行学习，或者根据所选用的课本提供的句型用替换词进行替换练习。所学的句型应该是由浅入深，由简到繁；讲求熟练掌握，不要贪多冒进。每学一个专案，首先要把单项练习练熟，然后过渡到综合练习，最后则应做到扩大运用。

以定语从句这一项为例，首先要反复进行替换练习。把“I read a novel yesterday．”和“It was extremely Interesting．”这两个单句改为“The novel I read yesterday was extremely interesting．”这就是定语从句的单项练习。再如把“I saw a man this morning．”和“The man is my teacher．”改为“The man I saw this morning is my teacher．”；把“I saw a film last night．”和“The film was very amusing．”改为“The film I saw last night was very amusing．”这种练习虽然是枯燥的，却是重要的基本功，把定语从句练到脱口而出的地步。这是第一步。

第二步是把定语从句放在一定的语言情景中去综合运用，进行一问一答。如：

A：Did you enjoy the opera？

B：Which opera？

A：The one we saw last night，of course．

B：Yes，very much．

第三步是扩大运用，也就是把定语从句和以前学过的两三个专案放在一起去操练。

A：Do you know who Edgar Snow was？（一般疑问句；宾语从句）

B：Yes，he was an American writer who interviewed Chairman Mao in Beijing．（定语从句）

A：Oh，now I remember．He was the author who wrote“Red Star Over China”，wasn't he？（定语从句；反意疑问句）

B：Exactly．

这种回答不但练了定语从句，而且复习了一般疑问句和反意疑问句，也给名词从句的学习打了“埋伏”。进行句型操练，既需要“滚雪球”（复习已学的专案），也需要“打埋伏”（预先练一下将来要学习的专案）。

在句型学习阶段必须注意：在听、说领先的前提下，写、读要跟上，力求听、说、写、读四会均衡发展。因此，时间上要做出合理的安排。早上通常可安排为朗读时间。如果能每日坚持下去，收效一定很大。

（2）结合课文去学

吕叔湘先生说过：“与其多读语法书，不如多读文章。”又说：“词语要嵌在上下文里才有生命，才容易记住，才知道用法。”（引自《中国人学英语》）课文是学习英语的“重要基地”。课文里有语音、词汇专案，也有各类语法专案。它们有机地结合在课文里。课文中出现的语法专案，是有血有肉的，不是干巴巴的。通过课文去学语法，可以学得活，记得牢，这比孤零零地背诵语法条目要有效得多。因此，在句型学习结束后，宜结合课文去学语法，要围绕课文中出现的主要语法专案，循序渐进地学习比较系统的语法知识。

分词（participle）现在分词一般式 否定式 完成式 被动式 Doing Not doing 百度一下奥风英语的中学语法三剑客就行了

内容太多，给你网址，自己去看，望能采纳~~~~

:baike.baidu./view/328219.htm

去网上搜《高考语法完全突破》视讯教程或是与之配套的记忆大纲吧，直接针对高考，非常全的。

高考英语语法： 独立主格结构的七种形式

一、一般现在时

1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week等。

2、表示眼下或目前等现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。

3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。

4、书报的标题，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、*等情节介绍，的说明等。

5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come等动词。

6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。

注意：一般现在时可以用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。

7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。

Here comes the bus!How it rains!

二、一般过去时

1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系。常用的时间状语有：yesterday, last night, at that time等。

2、表示在过去某一段时间里反复出现的动作或状态，与现在没有关系。

3、用used to do或would do表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

4、有些情况发生的时间没清楚表明，但实际上是“刚才，刚刚”发生的，属于过去时间，应使用过去时态。常见的有I didn’t know…或I forgot…等。

5、一般过去时可与today, this week, this month等时间状语连用。

三、一般将来时

1、will/shall do

（1）表示将来会出现的动作或状态。常用的时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next week/month…,at the end of this term, in a few minutes等。

（2）表示将来经常发生的动作。

（3）表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势、倾向。

（4）表示说话过程中做出某种决定。

注意：条件状语从句中的will表示“决心，意愿”，此时will是情态动词表示意愿。

2、be going to do

（1）表示已经决定或安排要做的事。

（2）表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来将要发生的事。

3、be to do

（1）表示约定、计划或按职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。

（2）表示说话人的意志、意图、职责、义务、命令。

（3）表示注定要发生的事情。

4、be about to do

（1）表示即将发生的动作，意为“正要，即将”。

（2）不可与表示具体的将来时间的副词或副词性短语连用，但可以同由as或when引导的时间状语从句连用。

5、某些动词的现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。

四、过去将来时

1、would/should do表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态。通常用于其主句的谓语为过去时态的宾语从句中。

2、were/was to do 表示过去将来时间的安排，如果这个安排后来被取消，没有实现，则用was/were to have done表示。

五、现在进行时

1、表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。

2、表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。

3、有时可表示即将发生的动作（只限于go, come, stay, leave, start, begin, arrive, return, fly, drive等动词），这时常有一个表示将来时间的状语。

4、常与always, forever, constantly, continually, all the time等时间副词连用，表示反复发生的或习惯性的动作，常表示不满、抱怨或赞赏等情感。

5、有些表示感觉、情感的动词不能用进行时，它们是：know, understand, love, like, hate, feel, desire, wish, want, refuse, remember, hear, see, have等， 这些动词一般不用进行时，通常用一般现在时态，表示说话时发生的动作。

六、过去进行时

1、表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间通常有时间状语（从句）或由上下文来表示。

2、表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。但说话时不一定正在进行。

3、表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要发生的动作，用于某些动词。（见现在进行时3）

4、与always, frequently等副词连用，表示感*彩。

七、将来进行时

1、表示在将来某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。

2、表示根据计划或安排在将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。此时一般有具体的时间状语。

3、表示将来某一时刻自然发生的事，而不是人为安排要做的事。

4、表示有礼貌地询问对方的打算，语气比较委婉。

八、现在完成时

用法

意义

继续

表示从过去继续到现在的动作或状态

经验

表示过去某一时期到现在的经验

完成

表示现在刚完成的动作

成果

表示现在是“做了……”的结果

1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常用的状语有already, yet, just等。

2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作状态。往往和表示一段时间的状语连用，如today, this week, lately, recently, in the past few days, since, for a long time等。

注意：（1）非延续性动词在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

（2）此类动词在否定句中则可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。这类动词有：begin, leave, go, borrow, come, return, born, die, buy, arrive。

3、在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时代替将来完成时，表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。

4、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

现在完成时：表示某一已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能喝表示过去的时间状语连用。

一般过去时：只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系。它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。

九、现在完成进行时

1、表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。

2、重复的动作表示感*彩。表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。

3、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别

（1）表示动作已完成，着重结果；现在完成进行时表示动作的进行，强调动作的持续性。

（2）状态动词、知觉动词或情态动词如：see, feel, know, love等，不用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。

十、过去完成时

1、表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。

----|-----------|----------|-------->

过去 完成过去 现在

注意：在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，若两个动作紧接着发生，则不需用过去完成时，尤其是在含有before和after的复合句中，常用一般过去时代替过去完成时。

2、表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped/ planned/ meant/ intended/ thought/ wanted/ expected等或用上述动词过去式接不定式表示即：hoped/ planned…+to do。

3、过去完成时用于hardly…when, no sooner…than等固定句型中。

十一、不能用被动语态的情况

1、there be 结构及所有的不及物动词或词组充当谓语时，无被动语态。

2、系动词无被动语态。

3、一些表示状态的及物动词，如cost, have, own, possess等不能用被动语态。

4、表示“希望、意图”的动词，如wish, want, hope, like, love,hate等不能变被动语态。

5、当及物动词leave, enter, reach等的宾语是表示地点和处所（包括组织、团体、军队、国家等）的名词时，不可变为被动语态。

十二、主动形式表被动意义

1、某些动词形式上主动，但含有被动意思，往往表示主语本身的性质，而且主语应该是事物。

2、在“have+宾语+to do”结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时，不定式用主动语态，否则用被动语态。

3、在“be+形容词+to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动表被动。

4、在某些词组中，用动词的主动形式表被动。

（1）be worth doing

（2）want, require, need后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。

（3）with复合结构

十三、被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况

be seated（坐着）

be hidden（躲藏）

be lost（迷路）

be drunk（喝醉）

be dressed（穿着）

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句

高考英语语法：独立主格结构的七种形式

　1. 名词（代词）+现在分词

The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后，我们就回家了。

We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假设天气好，我们就进行比赛。

The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班长病了，我们还是延期开会吧。

2. 名词（代词）+过去分词

The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。

The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公车已经走了，我们必须走路回家。

More time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。

3. 名词（代词）+不定式

Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天没有人来，我们将把会议推迟到下周。

So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人来帮助他，他一定会成功的。

4. 名词（代词）+介词短语

The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵们端着枪冲了进来。

A girl came in, book in hand. 一个少女进来了，手里拿着书。

He was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等着，眼睛望着她的背影。

5. 名词（代词）+形容词或副词

He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排，嘴半开着。

She sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前，衣领已解掉，头低了下来，拿好钢笔，准备开始写一封长信。

6. There being +名词（代词）

There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。

7. It being +名词（代词）

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。

注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。如：

Don’t sleep with the windows open. 别开着窗睡觉。

He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。

He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。

She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走了进来。

He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。

I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。

He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。

All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。

I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了

高考英语语法主要考哪些

《高中英语语法-定语从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

定语从句

(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词:when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用, 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)

2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用 which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, ?;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部**是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用 that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same ? as, such ? as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend's. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn't like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can't understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用"介词 + which"来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People's Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who,且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don't study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That's the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven't been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空:

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father's neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don't forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I've finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn't working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don't like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn't do D. nothing we could do 《高中英语语法-定语从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问: style="font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;border-left: 4px solid #a10d00;margin: 10px 0px 15px 0px;padding: 10px 0 10px 20px;background: #f1dada;">高三英语容易出错的知识点归纳与总结

一、非谓语动词

“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel)．二听(hear，listen to)，三让(have，1et， make)，四看(see，watCh，notice，observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit，advise， practise，avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish，risk，imagine,escape,need，delay，stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住，也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习，建议避免冒险，考虑延期逃跑，喜欢保持想象，需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise；

advise／suggest， avoid，risk： consider， delay， escape／miss； enjoy／appreciate， keep， imagine； need/want／require,mind． can't help／can’t stand。

二、复合句

1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true． (同位语从句)

B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here． (定语从句)

关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语， 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语，而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。

2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级：which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。

例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day．

B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten．

C、I have lost my pen，which I like very much.

D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home．

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外，还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。

例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是：无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good)；工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。

例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.

B、It is a waste of time waiting for him．

2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语：2f2tcjm(find，feel,think,take,consider，judge, make)。

例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject．

B、I think it no use arguing with him.

3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语)，可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。

例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)

B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)

C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory．(同上)

但要注意与定语从句的区别。

例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory．(定语从句)

在强调句式里，我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去，句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。

四、倒装结构

学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之，编个顺口溜：副(adv.)介(prep．)提前全倒装，其它句式部分倒；否定提前倒助动，让步状语倒表语；复合句式倒主句，不

倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明：

A、Here comes the bus．(副词提前，全倒装)

B、Here he comes.(代词作主语，不倒装)

C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前，全倒装)

D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前，部分倒装)

E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句，表语倒装)

F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in．(only 修饰状语，主句倒装)

G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语．不倒装)

H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前，部分倒装)

I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语，不倒装)

五、虚拟语气

虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下：纯假设，用虚拟，动词时态退一级：条件句，分主从，主句谓语前加would (should,could，might)；表愿望,用虚拟，wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来，动词时态退一级：提建议，用虚拟，宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议，三要求，再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中， 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明：

A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)

B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)

C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟）

D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)

E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now．(特殊从句虚拟）

F、I would rather you gave me the book．(同上)

G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday，(主语从句虚拟)

H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English． (特殊从句虚拟)

高三学生很快就会面临继续学业或事业的选择。面对重要的人生选择，是否考虑清楚了?这对于没有社会 经验 的学生来说，无疑是个困难的想选择。如何度过这重要又紧张的一年，我们可以从提高学习效率来着手!我为各位同学整理了 高三英语 易错知识点的归纳与 总结 ，希望你努力学习，圆金色六月梦!

高三英语易错知识点的归纳与总结1

现在完成时

1、 现在完成时的概念：现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，其结果对现在有影响。 例：Tom has gone out (go的动作发生在过去，对现在有影响)

2、 延续性动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用;非延续性动词则不可以。 例：正确说法：The train has been in the station for two hours;

错误说法：The train has stopped in the station for two hours.

(这辆火车进站停了两个小时)

延续性动词 非延期性动词

定义 动作有持续性，可以持续一段时间。如：live(居住)就可live一年两年。 运作在短时间内结束，不能延续。如marry(结婚)就不能marry一年两年。

例词 Listen,play,rain,work Arrive,begin,borrow,finish

3、现在完成时的构成：

(1)have(has)+过去分词：Tom has gone out。

(2)现在完成时的否定和疑问形式：否定形式在have、has后加not;疑问形式将Have、has提前，如Has Tom gone out。

(3)过去分词的概念及其变化形式：

概念：它和现在进行时中的“动词的ing形式”一样，只是英语中表达时态的一种固定形式。

变化形式：大多数动词的过去分词的外形和动词的过去式完全一样。只有那些不规则变化的动词，不运词的过去式不一样。具体参照“不规则动词表”。

高三英语易错知识点的归纳与总结2

一、就近一致原则

1.由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.

2.here/there引导一个 句子 而主语又不止一个时，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.

二、意义一致原则

1.谓语动词必须用单数的情况

(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动词仍用单数。

Politics is his favorite subject.

(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。

Do you know when the United Nations was set up?

2.谓语动词必须用复数的情况

表示总称意义的名词，如people，police，public，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

The police are searching for the murderer.

3.谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定

(1)集体名词，如family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population等作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数;当其表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。

As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.

(2)“the+形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复数。

The poor were looked down upon in the old days.

三、语法一致原则

1.由and连接的两个名词作主语

(1)“a/the+名词单数+and+名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份)，谓语动词用单数。

The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.

(2)“a/the+名词单数+and+a/the+名词单数”表示两个人，谓语动词用复数。

The teacher and the poet have just arrived.

(3)“every+名词单数+and+every+名词单数”表示每一个人，谓语动词用单数。

Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.

(4)通常由两个部件组成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Bread and butter is not to his taste.

2.表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

Is fifty pounds enough?

3.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据of后的名词的形式来定，如果名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式;如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。

Two-thirds of the books are about science.

Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.

高三英语易错知识点的归纳与总结3

用来作主语的句子叫做主语从句。如：

(1)When he was born is unknown. 他生于何时还不知道。

(2)What he did last night is being investigated. 他昨天晚上干了些什么正在调查之中。

在主语从句中须注意：

1. 主语从句一般用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将主语从句放到句末。如：

(1)It is possible that he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。

(2)Isn’t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗?

2. if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如：

It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。

3. that引导主语从句放在句首时，that不可省，但在句末口语中可省。如：

That he was ill yesterday is known now. 大家都已知道他昨天生了病。

4. 连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。如;

(1)Who has broken the glass is unknown. 谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。

(2)What he wants is all here. 他所要的东西都在这里。

5. 主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式须根据句子的意思来判断。如

(1)How he worked it out is still a secret. 他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密

(2)What they makes in this factory are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。

高三英语易错知识点的归纳与总结相关 文章 ：

★ 高考英语易错知识点总结

★ 高三英语必背知识总结知识归纳

★ 高三英语期末复习知识点归纳

★ 高三英语语法知识点归纳汇总

★ 2020高三英语单词必背整理归纳

★ 高中英语知识点总结与归纳

★ 高三英语语法知识点高效总结

★ 高三英语语法知识点总结

★ 高考英语易错知识点

★ 英语高考易错点整理