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高考非谓语考点_非谓语 高考

tamoadmin 2024-07-29 人已围观

简介1.英语高考非谓语动词的考点2.高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用3.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-非谓语动词14.高中非谓语动词5.高考英语语法的考点都有哪些非谓语动词是高中语法较难的一部分,建议你先看一点书,了解非谓语动词的结构及使用方法。下面所举的例子都是10年的高考题,如果看不懂可以给我留言。1. ____________the city center, we saw a stone statue

1.英语高考非谓语动词的考点

2.高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

3.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-非谓语动词1

4.高中非谓语动词

5.高考英语语法的考点都有哪些

高考非谓语考点_非谓语 高考

非谓语动词是高中语法较难的一部分,建议你先看一点书,了解非谓语动词的结构及使用方法。下面所举的例子都是10年的高考题,如果看不懂可以给我留言。

1. ____________the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.

A. Approaching B. Approached C. To roach D. To be roached

解析:考察现在分词作状语,表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。

2. Listen! Do you hear someone___________for help?

A. calling B. call C. to call D. called

解析:该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补,根据 someone与call的主动关系排除D项。Hear

后接不定式作宾补时应省略to,由此排除C项。由Listen可判断此处表示正在求救,故

选A项。

3. Dina, ___________ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

A. struggling B. struggled C. hing struggled D. to struggle

解析:该空,分词短语作时间状语,其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系,故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前,故用现在分词的完成主动式。

4.So far nobody has claimed the money _________ in the library.

A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. hing discovered

解析:该空在句中作后置定语修饰the money,根据the money与discover的被动关系,排除C、D两项。B项表示的是“将要被发现”的意思,根据句意“到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆被发现的钱”可判断选A项。

英语高考非谓语动词的考点

高考英语中非谓语动词试题的实用技巧:用作结果状语时,可用现在分词或不定式,其原则区别是:一般要用现在分词,不定式用作结果状语主要用于某些特定旬式中 。 技巧一 用作目的状语.原则上要用不定式

1.When asked why he went there,he said he was sent there — — for a space flight.(2007江西卷)

A.training B.being trained C.to he trained D.to be trained

解析J答案选D。由于被训练进行航空飞行是他被派往那儿的目的,所以要用不定式,因此可排除A和B。另外.由于“他”与“训练”之间为被动关系,故选D。

2.— — this cake,you’11 need 2 eggs,175g sugar and 175g flour. (2006广东卷)

A.Hing made B.Make C.To make D.Making

解析答案选C。由于是表示目的,故要用不定式,句意为:为了要做这块蛋糕,你需要2只鸡蛋、175克糖和175克面粉

技巧二 用于名词后作定语时,使用非谓语动词的原则是:用不定式,表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词,表示动作正在进行;用过去分词,表示动作已经发生,同时表示被动意义

1.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.2006四川卷.

A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held

解析答案选D。由于2008年奥运会尚未举行,故要用不定式

技巧三 用作伴随状语.原则上要用现在分词

1.As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not— — , and asked myself what 1was going to do. (2007湖南卷)

A.moved B.moving C.to move D.being moved

解析答案选B。由于与句子主语I之间为主动关系,且表示当时持续了一会儿,故用现在分词。句意为:当信号灯变绿时,我站在那儿一会儿没动,心想自己该怎么办

2.Peter received a letter just nOW — — his grandma would come to see him soon

A.said B.says C.saying D.to say

解析答案选C。此处用现在分词表伴随,又如:A card came yesterday saying Tom willarrive tomorrow.昨天收到的明信片上说,汤姆明天到。Alan received a telegram saying hisfather was il1.埃伦收到一封电报.说是他父亲生病了

3.W henever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly,always— — the same thing. (2006江苏卷)

A.saying B.said C.to say D.hing said

解析答案选A。现在分词saying在此表示伴随。

4. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, that allchildren like these things.

A.thinking B.think C.to think D.thought

解析答案选A。现在分词thinking在此表示伴随。

技巧四 用作结果状语时,可用现在分词或不定式,其原则区别是:一般要用现在分词,不定式用作结果状语主要用于某些特定旬式中

1.The glass doors he taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,— — inthe natural light during the day. (2007天津卷)

A.to let B.1etting C.1et D.hing let

解析1答案选B。此处用现在分词表示结果。又如:It rained heily,causing severe 19flooding in that place.大雨滂沱,造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。

2.Oil prices he risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,— — a record us$57.65 a barrel on April 4. 一 (2005山东卷

A.he reached B.reaching C.to reach D.to be reaching

解析答案选B。伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,用现在分词作结果状语。 注:在en0ugh to do sth.,too---to do sth.,0nly t0 do sth.等特定句式中,习惯上要用不定语式表示结果 如:

1.He hun’led to the booking office only— —that al1 the tickets had been sold out.(2006陕西卷)

A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told

解析答案选B。only to do sth.在此表示出人意料的结果。

2.He hurried to the station only that the train had left. 2005广东卷

A.to find B.finding C.found D.to he found

解析答案选A。only to do sth.在此表示出人意料的结果。

技巧五 凡是含有被动意义时.原则上要用过去分词。但是.如果所涉及的动作尚未发生,则用不定式的被动式:如果所涉及的动作正在进行.则用现在分词的被动式

1.The children talked SO loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle — —.(2007浙江卷)A.to be heard B.to he heard C.hearing D.being heard

解析答案选A。根据句意,此处指的是“被听见”,故要用被动式,因此可排除B和c。另. .外。由于“设法被听见”为目的状语,动作在当时尚未发生,故用不定式,即选A。

2.The repairs cost a lot,but it’ money well— —.A.to spend B.spent C.being spent D.spending

解析答案选B。由于money与spend之间为被动关系,故用过去分词。

3.Five people won the “China’S Green Figure” award,a title — — tofor their contributions to environmental protection.A.being given B.is given C.given D.was given

解析答案选C。由于title与give之间为被动关系,故用过去分词。

技巧六 谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致(2005湖北卷)

1.Faced with a bill for$10,000,— —. (2006陕西卷)A.John has taken an extra iob B.the boss has given John an extra iobC.an extra iob has been taken D.an extra iob has been given to John

解析答案选A。由于(be)faced with的逻辑主语是John,故答案只能选A。

2.W hile watching television,— —. 2005全国卷III

A.the door bell rang B.the doorbell ringsC.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell rings

解析答案选c。因为watching的逻辑主语一定是we,排除选项A和B;又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了to的不定式,所以选项D中的rings是错误的。

技巧七 强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式(根据情况可用不定式的完成式或现在分词的完成式)

1. — — from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (2005湖北卷

A.Being separated B.Hing separated C.Hing been separated D,To be separated

解析答案选C。因为Australia与separate之间是被动关系,且separate发生在谓语动词has之前,所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语

2.The manager,— — it clear to us that he didn’t agree with US,left the meeting room.f2005江西卷

A.who has madeB.hing made C.made D.making

解析答案选B。因为The manager与make之间是主动关系,且make发生在谓语left之前,所以用现在分词的完成式作状语,hing made.相当于who had made. 的意思。

技巧八对于固定搭配.原则上按搭配习惯处理

l、— — with SO much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time. 2006四川卷)

A.Faced B.Face C.Facing D.To face

解析答案选A。(be)faced with为固定搭配,其意为“面对”,又如:TheY are all facedwith the same problem.他们都面临同样的问题

2、— — in a white uniforln,he looks more like a cook than a doctor. 2005湖南卷)

A.Dressed B.To dress C.Dressing D.Hing dressed

解析答案选A。(be)dressed in为固定搭配,其意为“穿着..”,句中的Dressed in.表原因.相当于As he is dressed in. 的意思

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

2011年高考英语第二轮热点专题复习——非谓语动词

规律方法

1.考查立意较低,主要考查的是非谓语的一些最基本的用法。但是,题目的设置注重了情景化和结构复杂化,加大了考生对题干句的理解难度。

2.设问的角度呈现出多样化趋势,不仅仅是非谓语间的互相干扰。

命题趋势

不容置疑,高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查,试题的特征将继续呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度的多样化”的趋势,但试题的难度将会有所控制。

突破方法

1.非谓语动词的用法是一个系统性、综合性很强的语言点,切不可记住几个条条框框就去乱套。真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识:

① 具有句子结构的知识,要分得清简单句与复合句,陈述句与祈使句。

② 具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识,要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。

③ 具有扎实而丰富的动词知识,要分得清及物动词和不及物动词,双宾动词和复宾动词。一些最基础最常用的动词的用法应当烂熟于胸。

④ 具备各种复合句的知识,能够拆析30词左右长度的复合长、难句。

2.理解分析非谓语动词的句法功能,重点掌握不定式、动名词作宾语的区别;不定式、分词作补语的区别;不定式、分词作状语的区别;独立主格的用法;不定式、分词作定语的区别。

3.解答考查非谓语动词的题目时,一定要保持头脑冷静。一般要遵循以下解题思路:

① 解析句子结构,确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);

② 找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);

③ 搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式;

④ 将该选项置入空中,看是否能够做到字从意顺,或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。

知识清单

清单一 非谓语动词的句法功能

名称 主语 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 定语 状语

不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √

动名词 √ √ √ √

现在分词 √ √ √ √

过去分词 √ √ √ √

清单二 分词、不定式作宾补用法要点

一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别

1.感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词he 后面的宾补有三种形式,即原形动词(不带to 的不定式)、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成,动词原形表主动和完成。如:

I heard her sing an English song just now.

刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。

I heard her singing and English song when I passed by her room yesterday.

昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。

I heard the English song sung many times.

我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。

注意:不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。如:

I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (状态)

I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)

2.lee 后接三种形式作宾补时,其中的lee 保留了原来之义“留下”,但表达的确切之义应是“使……处于某种状态)。

lee sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事

(宾语和宾补之间是主谓关系,表示动作正在进行。)

lee sth. undone 留下某事未做

(宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系,表示被动和完成,一般以undone, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 为多)

lee sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事

lee sth. to be done 留下某事要做

(不定式表示将来的动作。)

如:It’s wrong of you to lee the machine running.

你让机器一直开着是不对的。(主动,正在进行)

The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.

客人们没有动大部分菜,因为它们尝起来不可口。(被动,完成)

He left, leing me to do all the rest work.

他走了,留下我一人去做剩余的工所有工作。(主动,将来)

We hurriedly ended our meeting, leing many problems to be settled.

我们匆匆忙忙导结束了会议,留下了很多问题等待解决。(被动,将来)

3.he, get 后接三种形式作宾补时,其中hee, get 表示“使、让、叫”之意。

① he sth. done = get sth. done “使/让某事由别人去做”(叫/让某人做某事)。如

I’ll he /get my bike repaired tomorrow.

此外,he sth. done 还表示“使遭受……”之意。如

Tom had his leg broken while playing football.

Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.

② he sb. / sth. doing 使/让某人/物持续地做某事(现在分词表示主动,正在进行)

get sb. / sth. doing 使某人/物开始行动起来

如:The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.

农忙时,农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活。

The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.

休息了片刻之后,上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。

注意:“he sb. doing”若用于否定句中,其中he 有“容忍”之意。如:

I won’t he you speaking to your parents like that.

我不会让你那样子跟你的父母说话。

Don’t he the water running all the time.

不要让水流个不停。

③ he sb. do sth. (get sb. to do sth. ) 使/让/叫某人去做某事

如:Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.

I can’t get him to stop smoking. He won’t listen to me.

二、下列动词后跟带to 的不定式作补语:

advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, think, wait for, call on, depend on 等。如:

① An army spokesman stressed that all thd soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warning before firing any shots.

② The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.

③ The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门

下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to 的不定式作补语,但在被动语态中要加上to:

它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看(look at, see, watch, notice, observe);3使(make, let, he);2听(listen to, hear);1感觉(fell)。以上动词还可用现在分词作宾语补足语(5+3+2+1-2+4):即以上动词除let, make 外都可以用现在分词作宾语补足语,此外find, catch, keep, le 也可以用现在分词作宾语补足语。如:

At that time, I found him crying in the street.

He was caught stealing.

I’m sorry to he kept you waiting for such a long time.

The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.

清单三 不定式、分词作定语用法要点

一、不定式作定语

1.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。如:

The Browns he a comfortable house to live in.

There is nothing to worry about.

Please give me a knife to cut with.

Here is some paper for you to write on.

但是,不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place 或way时,不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如:

He had no money and no place to live (in).

We found a way to solve this problem (in).

2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同。试比较:

He you anything to send ? 你有什么东西要寄吗?

(不定式to send 的动作执行者是“你”)

He you anything to be sent ? 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?

(不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”)

3.用不定式作定语的几种情况:

不定式表将来:

I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.

用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any 等限定的中心词。如:

He was the best man to do the job.

She was the first woman to sin the gold medal in the Olympic Games.

Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats.

用来修饰的词是抽象名词时,常见的有:ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。如:

Do you he the ability to read and write English ?

I he to chance to go sight –seeing.

二、分词作定语

1.作定语的及物动词分词形式为:V –ing; being + 过去分词;过去分刻画 。当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时,用V –ing;当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正在进行时,用being + 过去分词;当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时,用过去分词。例如:

The houses being built are for the teachers.

The broken glass is Tom’s.

I he never seen a more moving movie.

2.作定语的不及物动词分词形式为:V –ing 和过去分词。V –ing 表示正在进行;过去分词表示已经完成。如:

falling lees 正落的叶子 fallen lees 落下的叶子

boiling water 正沸腾的水 boiled water 沸腾过的水(白开水)

三、不定式、过去分词和现在分词被动式作定语的区别

这三种形式作定语,主要是体现在动作的发生时间上。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,或是没有一定的时间性。如:

He you read the novel written by Dickens ?

He is man loved and respected by all.

Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge.

现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。如:

Listen ! The song being sung is very popular with the students.

不定式的被动式作定语时,表示一个未来的动作。如:

The question to be discussed at the tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-非谓语动词1

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

一、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词和短语

在下列8个动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同:

remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过)

forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过)

regret to do (遗憾地做) regret doing(后悔做了)

try to do(设法做) try doing(试做)

go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事)

mean to do(打算做) mean doing(意味着)

stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做)

can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing(情不自禁做)

1. —You were bre enough to raise objection at the meeting.

—Well, now I regret ________ that. (全国卷)

A. to do B. to be doing

C. to he done D. hing done

分析答案选D。由语境可知“我”“后悔”在会上提出异议,应接动名词。

2. —The light in the office is still on.

—Oh,I forgot ________. (全国卷)

A. turning it off B. turn it off

C. to turn it off D. hing turned it off

分析答案选C。表示忘记做某事,事情还没做,forget后接不定式。

3. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ________ for another hour. (上海卷)

A. waiting B. to wait

C. wait D. to be waiting

分析答案选A。由语境可知句中的mean表示“意味着”,后接不定式。

4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped ________ on a big rock by the side of the path. (全国卷)

A. to he rested B. resting

C. to rest D. rest

分析答案选C。休息是停下来的目的,且发生在stop之后,用接不定式的一般式。

5. Go on ________ the other exercise after you he finished this one. (全国卷)

A. to do B. doing

C. with D. to be doing

分析答案选A。表示做完一事后“接着做”另一事,go on后接不定式。

二、表示未成实现的愿望或打算的动词和短语

表示未曾实现的愿望或打算,即表示“本打算 / 想 / 希望做某事”但事实上却没做的事情,用plan, intend, mean; want, hope, wish, expect等动词的过去完成时,加不定式的一般式,或者这类动词的一般过去时,加不定式的完成式;was / were, would / should like加不定式的完成式;was / were going加不定式的一般式。如:

I would love ________ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (全国卷)

A. to go B. to he gone

C. going D. hing gone

分析答案选B。由句意可知,是表示过去未曾实现的期望,用“would love+不定式完成式”。句意是:昨晚我本想去参加聚会的,但是…(from .nmet168)

三、要接动名词的含有介词的常用句型

在介词后一般用动名词,下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略):prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth. from doing (阻止…做…);spend / waste time or money in doing (在做…方面花费 / 浪费时间或金钱);How / What about doing sth. (做…怎么样?);he some difficulty / trouble in doing (在做…方面有些困难);he a hard time in doing sth. (做某事很艰难); there is no sense in doing(做…是没有理由 / 道理的);thank (excuse / admire / praise / blame / scold / punish) sb. for doing sth. (因做某事而感谢 / 羡慕 / 表扬 / 责备某人)等。如:

1. Hing been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam. (福建卷)

A. pass B. to pass

C. passed D. passing

分析答案选D。因为he a hard time (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。

2. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ TV. (上海卷)

A. to watch B. to watching

C. watching D. watch

分析答案选C。spend some time (in) doing sth. 做某事花了多长时间。

3. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing ________ again. (全国卷)

A. to hen B. from hening

C. hened D. hen

分析答案选B。prevent sb. / sth. from doing 阻止…做…。

4. Did you he trouble ________ the post office? (全国卷)

A. to he found B. with finding

C. to find D. in finding

分析答案选D。he difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 在做方面有困难。

四、to是介词的常用固定结构

to是介词和固定词组很多,常见的有:look forward to(盼望), devote…to / be devoted to(致力于), be / get used to(习惯), lead to(导致), get down to(开始认真), pay attention to(注意), refer to(谈到), point to(指向), turn to(转向), object to(反对), equal to(等于、能胜任), belong to(属于)等。如:

1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ some schools for poor children. (上海卷)

A. set up B. setting up

C. he set up D. hing set up

分析答案选B。devote…to…中to是介词,接动名词;all是devote的宾语,he had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。

2. The discovery of new evidence led to ________. (上海卷)

A. the thief hing caught B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught

分析答案选C。lead to中的to是介词,后接动名词;逻辑主语the thief与catch是被动关系,所以用动名词的被动式(from .nmet168)。

3. She looks forward every spring to ________ the flower-lined garden. (上海卷)

A. visit B. paying a visit

C. walk in D. walking in

分析答案选D。look forward to中to是介词,后接动名词。再说,若visit用作名词,后面要加介词to,才可接宾语,排除A和B;walk作名词,表示散步,仅用于go for / take / he a walk等结构,排除C。

高中非谓语动词

《高中英语语法-非谓语动词1》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

非谓语动词1

动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。非谓语动词形式多样,应用广泛,且在句中起着很活跃的作用,也是语法项目中的重点和难点,学好非谓语动词,才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。

动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用,所以叫做非谓语动词。

(一)动词不定式:

动词不定式由"to+ 动词原形"构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。

1、动词不定式的形式变化:动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。

语态式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式

主 动 to build to he built to be building to he been building

被 动 to be build to he been build

2、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如:

(1)作主语:To help each other is good.(动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to help each other.

(2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants' children.我们的是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的谓语动词为is,动词不定式to set up? 为表语,主语为plan,但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式 to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants' children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。

(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next?

(4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, he, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street.

(5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don't think it right to do it that way.

(6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.

(7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语: Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词 + 动词不定式,表示"足能?"的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now.

3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help him every day.

4、疑问词 + 动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语或宾语,如:How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.

5、动词不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成,如:It's wrong of you not to attend the meeting.

6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系:(1)一般式:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同时);(2)完成式:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,如:I am sorryto he kept you waiting.(3)进行式:动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中,而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,如:She hened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.

7、动词不定式的被动语态用法:如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般就用被动语态形式,如:What is to be done next hasn't been decided yet.

练习、非谓语动词(一)

1. ---- Can you ride a horse? ---- No, I never had the chance ____.

A. for learning it B. for learning how C. how to learn it D. to learn how

2. Paul said, "Give me a chair _____."

A. to sit B. sit C. sit on D. to sit on

3. I ran too fast ______ where I was going.

A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and notice

4. ---- He you enjoyed your visit here? ---- Yes, I'll be very sorry______ .

A. for leing B.of leing C. to lee D. with leing

5. ---- I'll help you whenever you need me. ---- Good. I'd like _____me tomorrow.

A. you helping B. that you will help C. you to help D. that you help

6. ---- I didn't hear you come in last night. ---- That's good. We tried_____ noisy.

A. not be B. not to be C. to be not D. to not be

7. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ______.

A. a good place which to be lived in B. lived as a good place

C. a good place to live in D. living in as a good place

8. ---- Why was the official meeting called? ---- ______ new officers.

A. Select B. Selecting C. To select D. For selecting

9. ---- Where did he go? ---- He went to another store ______.

A. to buy pencils B. for buying pencils C. buy pencils D. buying pencils

10. ---- My baby has a heart trouble. ---- Did the doctor find it difficult ______ ?

A. in treating B. treating C. for treating D. to treat

1~5 DDACC 6~10 BCCAD 《高中英语语法-非谓语动词1》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86

高考英语语法的考点都有哪些

1、Hearing?the?dog?barking?fiercely,away___?

选择:B.?fled?the?thief

解析:

 away?fled?the?thief是倒装句,意思等于the?thieffledaway(小偷迅速逃跑了)

 如果把与介词同形的小品副词提前,句子要求倒装,像away这类的副词要加重语气读出来,把原来平铺直叙变成了一种动态效果,意思成了“一下子就如何了”。比如本句,等于汉语的“一溜烟地逃跑了”。另如:

Over?flew?a?bird.?一只鸟嗖的一声飞了过去。

In?ran?a?boy.?一个男孩子飞身跑了进来。

2. A?few?days?after?the?interview,?I?received?a?letter___?me?admission?to?the?university.

解析:

 后面的现在分词短语offeringme?admission?to?the?university是a?letter的后置定语。相当于定语从句的功能,因此也可以改写为?which?offered?me?admission?to?the?university(关系代词which?指代?letter,=?the?letter?offered?me?admission?to?the?university[这封信表示愿意接受我进入这所大学])。

 如果用?offered,就变成了?the?letter?was?offered,后面也得相应改为?to?me?and?informed?me?that?I?was?admitted?to?the?university,意思是“有人把这封信提供给了我,这封信通知允许我进入这所大学”

高中语法主要有主谓一致、冠词、代词、连词、介词、动词短语、情态动词、时态语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词、动词、从句等。

高考英语语法考点

一、定语从考点

1.which引导的代表整个主句内容的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句时可代表主句内容,前面有逗号与主句隔开。

例句:The CCTV’s 2010 Entertainment Party was successfullyheld on the evening of February 13th,2010, which wasanother great encouragement to all the Chinese.中央电视台2010年春节文娱晚会于2010年2月13日晚成功举行,这对全体中国人民来说又是一个巨大的鼓舞。

2.特定词汇+of whom ,which引导的非限制性定语从句介词(包括复杂介词),数词(包括数量代词)及其它含局部与整体关系的特定词~E+of whom(指人)/which(指物)可以引导非限制性定语从句,此时前面不可加and,but等连词,该结构也可改为of whom /which+特定词汇引导定语从句。

例句:Our English teacher has three daughters,all of whom /ofwhom all are considerate.

我们的英语老师有三个女儿,个个都很善解人意

3.由when.where引导的先行词隐蔽度比较高的定语从句历年的高考考查实践表明,增加定语从句难度的手段之一是增加先行词的隐蔽度,如用point,case,situation等抽象的地点名词做先行词,当其在定语从句中做地点状语时用where引导定语从句的判断难度会增加,用occasion,period等表示抽象时间的名词做先行词,当其在定语从句中做时间状语时用when引导定语从句的判别难度也会增加。

例句:I’m sorry that I can’t think out a situation where thiskind of deion is used.

对不起我想不出这种描绘被使用的场合。

二、名词性从句考点

1.what引导的名词性从句

what可引导名词性从句,表示“. ·-的内容(人、时间、地点、价格、速度、方式等)”。The Great Wall of China is what I most want to visit.长城是我最想参观的地方。

2. that引导的同位语从句

that可引导同位语从句,说明被修饰名词的内容。

例句:Word hascome that the sports meeting will be put of.

有消息说运动会将被推迟。

3.whatever.whoever引导的名词性从句 whatever和whoever可引导名词Jl生从句,前者表示“无论什么 ,后者表示“不管谁 。

例句:You can give the book to whoever you think needs it.

你可以把这本书给任何你认为需要这本书的人。

4.whether,if引导的名词性从句

if只可引导宾语从句且不能和or not连用。whether可引导各种名词性从句且可和or not连用。

例句:When shall we discuss the question whether we will hea picnic next week?

我们什么时候讨论下周是否搞一次野餐的问题?

三、状语从句考点

1.where引导的地点状语从句

where可引导地点状语从句,表示“在..的地方 。0ur school lies where there is a small river.我们学校位于有一条小河的地方。

2.before引导的时间状语从句

before引导时间状语从句时可表示“在..之前,尚未来得及,趁 。

例句:Thenaughty boy had run away before I could call him tostop.

我还没有来得及叫住他,这个调皮男孩就跑开了。

3.unless.as/so long as引导的条件状语从句

unless,as/so long as可弓I导条件状语从句,前者表示。除非 ,后者表示“只要 。

例句:As/So long as you treat them truly,you can win overtheir respect.

只要你真诚地对待他们,你会赢得他们的尊敬。

4 . so that.in case引导的目的状语从句

so that,in ease可引导目的状语从旬,前者表示“以便”,后者表示“以免 。

例句:Please close all the doors and windows in ease it willrain.

请关上所有门窗,以防天会下雨。

5.while引导的让步状语从句

while可引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”。

例句:While this problem is very difficult,it is very important.

尽管这道题很难,却很重要。

四、情态动词考点

1.推测性情态动词用法

may(可许,可能),might(可许,可能),must(一定,必定),can(或许,可能)均有推测性用法,其中might可能性最小,must可能性最大。may,might,must常用于肯定句,may,might用于否定句可表示“可能不 ,can常用于否定句和疑问句,用于否定句表示 不可能 。

例句:— — Can the man standing there be OUY physics teacher?

— — No.he can’t be our physics teacher.

— — 站在那边的那个人可能是我们的物理老师吗?

— — 不,不可能。

2.should的用法

should常表示“应该”,但可置于句首用于条件状语从句(省去if),表示。万一 ,还可表示 竟然

例句:Should you see the thiel,try to catch him.如果你见到小偷,尽量捉住他。

3.may,must,earl’t,should (shouldn’t),ought to(oughtn’tto).needn’t的完成式用法m he done表示“可能已经做了某事 ,must he done表示“一定已经做了某事”,can’t he done表示“不可能已经做了某事”,should/ought to he done表示“本来应该做某事但实际未做 ,shouldn’t/oughtn’t to he done表示 本来不应该做某事但实际已做”,Ileedn’t he done表示“本来没有必要做某事但实际已做”。

例句:Our Chinese teacher isn’t in her offlee,so she may /might/must he gone home.

我们的语文老师不在办公室,所以她可能/-~定回家了。

五、倒装句型考点

1.完全倒装句型考点

地点状语置于句首时需要使用完全倒装句型,将动词直接提前。

例句:At the back of our school stands a high tower.

我们学校后面矗立着一座高塔。

SO(肯定句中表示“也”),neither,IOF(否定旬中表示“也”),80.that. (引导结果状语从句)j only(不修饰主句),no[only.but also. (不连接主语,连接两个分旬时第一个分旬倒装,第二个分句不倒装),not until,Never,hardly,little,hardly.when., SO SO01qe/"than,not a,nowhere,in no ease等词或短语置于句首时应使用不完全倒装句型。

例句:Only then did we realize the harm of pollution.

只有在那时我们才意识到污染的危害。

2.as引导的特殊倒装句型

as引导让步状语从句时可将表语、动词、副词提前,将as紧随其后。如果表语为单数可数名词,提前时应去掉不定冠词。

例句:Weak as she was,she still went on working.

尽管她身体虚弱,仍继续工作。

六、虚拟语气考点

1.与过去事实相反的if虚拟条件状语从句与过去事实相反时,从句动词用had done,主句动词用would,could,should,might he done,当从句动词含有were,had,could,should时可将其提至句首将if省略。

例句:Had I known it at that time,I would he told you.

如果那时我知道这件事一定告诉了你。

2.混合虚拟条件从句

如果if虚拟条件状语主从句时态不一致,应根据各自所体现的时间关系加以适当的调整,用不同的动词形式。

例句:If she had told me her telephone number yesterday,Icould phone her now.

如果她昨天把她的电话号码告诉了我,我现在就可以给她打电话了。

3.with.without.but for引导的含蓄虚拟条件从句with,without,but for可取代if引导含蓄虚拟条件从句。

例句:With your help,I could he made more achievements.

如果得到你的帮助,我一定会取得更多成就。

4.wish引导的表示过去主观愿望的宾语从句

wish引导宾语从句时如果表示过去的主观愿望,从句动词应用had done或could he done。

例句:I wish I had /could he watched that basketball matchyesterdayafternoon.

我希望我昨天下午看了那场篮球赛。

5.insist,suggest引导的宾语从句

insist,suggest接宾语从若表示建议应用虚拟语气,动词形式为(should)do,但如果insist表示 坚持认为,固执己见 ,suggest表示。表明、暗示 ,所在宾语从句应用陈述语气。

例句:Thedoctor insisted that the patient was seriously ill and(should)be 0Dcrated 0n at once. 医生坚持认为病人病得很严重,建议其立即做手术。

七、不定式考点

1.不定式做目的状语

不定式可做目的状语,如果对其强调可将其提至句首,此时应注意人称一致。

为了及时赶到那里,她将自行车骑得很快。

误:T0 get there in time.her bike waS ridden fast.

正:To get there in time.she rode her bike fast.

2.不定式做结果状语

不定式可做结果状语,强调出乎意料的动作,此时前面可加onlyo

例句:I went to see her to find her absent.

我去看她结果发现她不在家。

3.不定式的复杂形式

不定式除有一般式外,还有否定式not to do,进行式to bedoing、完成式to he done、被动式to be done、完成被动式tohe beendone等复杂形式。

例句;All the employees worked hard not to be fired.

为了不被解雇,所有的员工努力工作。

4.不定式独立主格结构

with+名词+不定式可构成独立主格结构做状语,表示未来的动作。

例句:Witha lot of work to do,I can’t help you at present.

因为有许多工作要做,我现在不能帮助你。

八、V—ing形式考点

1.V—ing形式做宾语

excuse. f0r. ,can’t help,suggest,include,insist on,keep on, consider, finish, practice, put off, postpone, delay,miss,oid,give up,imagine,feel like,enjoy,risk,mind,reciate,stand,escape等词后面只能接V—ing形式做宾语。remember 得曾做某事),forget(忘了曾做某事),mean(意谓着),try(尝试),regret (后悔),go on (继续做同一件事),stop(停止做某事),need(主语需要被..)等词表示括号内的含义时也应接v—ing形式做宾语。

例句:The hare was lucky enough to he oided being caught.

这只野兔很,错过了被捉住。

2.V—ing形式做定语

V—ing形式做定语可表示被修饰名词的的用途和性质,也可表示正在进行的动作。

例句:The great noise comes from the building being built now.

这巨大的噪音来自正在被建的楼房。

3.V—ing形式做状语

V—ing形式做状语常表示动作正在进行,此时应注意它的逻辑主语为主句主语。

例句:Holding a book in his hand,he came into the room.

他手里拿着一本书走进了房间。

4. V—ing形式做宾语补足语

V—ing形式做宾语补足语也表示动作正在进行。

例句:WhenI came to the five~ide.I f0und girl struggling inthe water.

来到河边时我看见一个女孩在水中挣扎。

5. V—ing形式独立主格结构

with+名词+V—ing形式可构成独立主格结构做状语,表示正在进行的动作。

例句:With the water still rising,the villages couldn’t return totheir village.

因为水位还在上涨,村民们无法回到村里。

6.V—ing形式复杂形式

V—ing形式除有一般式外还有完成式hing done,被动式being done,完成被动式hing been done,否定式not doing,完成否定式not hing done,完成被动式的否定式not hingbeen done。

例句:Hingsaid goodbye to each other, the children wenthome.

彼此说了再见之后,孩子们回家了。

九、过去分词考点猜想

1.过去分词做状语

过去分词做状语常表示被动的动作,也可因来自系表结构而表示主动的动作。

例句:Caught in a hey rain,the girl was all wet.

因为被浇了一场大雨,这女孩浑身湿透了。

2.过去分词独立主格结构

with+名词+过去分词可构成独立主格结构做状语,表示被动的动作。

例句:With his homework finished, the boy went out to getrelaxed.

因为家庭作业完成了,这个男孩出去放松了一下。

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